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Granule-bound starch synthase I. A major enzyme involved in the biogenesis of B-crystallites in starch granules

Starch defines a semicrystalline polymer made of two different polysaccharide fractions. The A- and B-type crystalline lattices define the distinct structures reported in cereal and tuber starches, respectively. Amylopectin, the major fraction of starch, is thought to be chiefly responsible for this...

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Published in:European Journal of Biochemistry 2002-08, Vol.269 (15), p.3810-3820
Main Authors: Wattebled, Fabrice, Buléon, Alain, Bouchet, Brigitte, Ral, Jean-Philippe, Liénard, Luc, Delvallé, David, Binderup, Kim, Dauvillée, David, Ball, Steven, D'Hulst, Christophe
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container_end_page 3820
container_issue 15
container_start_page 3810
container_title European Journal of Biochemistry
container_volume 269
creator Wattebled, Fabrice
Buléon, Alain
Bouchet, Brigitte
Ral, Jean-Philippe
Liénard, Luc
Delvallé, David
Binderup, Kim
Dauvillée, David
Ball, Steven
D'Hulst, Christophe
description Starch defines a semicrystalline polymer made of two different polysaccharide fractions. The A- and B-type crystalline lattices define the distinct structures reported in cereal and tuber starches, respectively. Amylopectin, the major fraction of starch, is thought to be chiefly responsible for this semicrystalline organization while amylose is generally considered as an amorphous polymer with little or no impact on the overall crystalline organization. STA2 represents a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii gene required for both amylose biosynthesis and the presence of significant granule-bound starch synthase I (GBSSI) activity. We show that this locus encodes a 69 kDa starch synthase and report the organization of the corresponding STA2 locus. This enzyme displays a specific activity an order of magnitude higher than those reported for most vascular plants. This property enables us to report a detailed characterization of amylose synthesis both in vivo and in vitro. We show that GBSSI is capable of synthesizing a significant number of crystalline structures within starch. Quantifications of amount and type of crystals synthesized under these conditions show that GBSSI induces the formation of B-type crystals either in close association with pre-existing amorphous amylopectin or by crystallization of entirely de novo synthesized material.
doi_str_mv 10.1046/j.1432-1033.2002.03072.x
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A major enzyme involved in the biogenesis of B-crystallites in starch granules</atitle><jtitle>European Journal of Biochemistry</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Biochem</addtitle><date>2002-08-01</date><risdate>2002</risdate><volume>269</volume><issue>15</issue><spage>3810</spage><epage>3820</epage><pages>3810-3820</pages><issn>0014-2956</issn><eissn>1432-1033</eissn><eissn>1432-1327</eissn><abstract>Starch defines a semicrystalline polymer made of two different polysaccharide fractions. The A- and B-type crystalline lattices define the distinct structures reported in cereal and tuber starches, respectively. Amylopectin, the major fraction of starch, is thought to be chiefly responsible for this semicrystalline organization while amylose is generally considered as an amorphous polymer with little or no impact on the overall crystalline organization. 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identifier ISSN: 0014-2956
ispartof European Journal of Biochemistry, 2002-08, Vol.269 (15), p.3810-3820
issn 0014-2956
1432-1033
1432-1327
language eng
recordid cdi_hal_primary_oai_HAL_hal_00085534v1
source Springer Nature
subjects Amino Acid Sequence
Amylopectin - biosynthesis
Amylose - biosynthesis
Animals
Biochemistry
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - genetics
Chlamydomonas reinhardtii - metabolism
Cloning, Molecular
Cross Reactions
Crystallins - biosynthesis
Crystallins - chemistry
DNA, Complementary
Exons
Gene Order
Introns
Life Sciences
Molecular Sequence Data
Plant Proteins - chemistry
Plant Proteins - metabolism
Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
Starch Synthase - genetics
Starch Synthase - immunology
Starch Synthase - metabolism
title Granule-bound starch synthase I. A major enzyme involved in the biogenesis of B-crystallites in starch granules
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