Principal Component Structure and Sport-Specific Differences in the Running One-Leg Vertical Jump

• Published in: International journal of sports medicine 2007-05, Vol.28 (5), p.420-425
• Main Authors: Laffaye, G., Bardy, B. G., Durey, A.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adult; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Biological and medical sciences; Biomechanical Phenomena; Biomechanics; Biophysics; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Humans; Life Sciences; Lower Extremity; Lower Extremity - physiology; Male; Orthopedics & Biomechanics; Principal Component Analysis; Sports; Sports - physiology; Vertebrates: body movement. Posture. Locomotion. Flight. Swimming. Physical exercise. Rest. Sports
• ISSN: 0172-4622; 1439-3964
• DOI: 10.1055/s-2006-924507

Abstract The aim of this study is to identify the kinetic principal components involved in one-leg running vertical jumps, as well as the potential differences between specialists from different sports. The sample was composed of 25 regional skilled athletes who play different jumping sports (volleyball players, handball players, basketball players, high jumpers and novices), who performed a running one-leg jump. A principal component analysis was performed on the data obtained from the 200 tested jumps in order to identify the principal components summarizing the six variables extracted from the force-time curve. Two principal components including six variables accounted for 78 % of the variance in jump height. Running one-leg vertical jump performance was predicted by a temporal component (that brings together impulse time, eccentric time and vertical displacement of the center of mass) and a force component (who brings together relative peak of force and power, and rate of force development). A comparison made among athletes revealed a temporal-prevailing profile for volleyball players, and a force-dominant profile for Fosbury high jumpers. Novices showed an ineffective utilization of the force component, while handball and basketball players showed heterogeneous and neutral component profiles. Participants will use a jumping strategy in which variables related to either the magnitude or timing of force production will be closely coupled; athletes from different sporting backgrounds will use a jumping strategy that reflects the inherent demands of their chosen sport.