Reactive compatibilization of PA12/plasticized starch blends: Towards improved mechanical properties

• Published in: European polymer journal 2011-12, Vol.47 (12), p.2361-2371
• Main Authors: Teyssandier, F., Cassagnau, P., Gérard, J.F., Mignard, N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Blends; Chemical Sciences; Compatibility; Compatibilization; Dispersion; Exact sciences and technology; Material chemistry; Mechanical properties; Natural polymers; Organic polymers; Physicochemistry of polymers; Polyamide 12; Polyamide resins; Polymer blends; Polymers; Properties and characterization; Reactive polymer blends; Starch and polysaccharides; Starches; Thermoplastic starch; Viscosity
• ISSN: 0014-3057; 1873-1945
• DOI: 10.1016/j.eurpolymj.2011.09.017

Glycerol-plasticized starch (TPS)/polyamide 12 (PA12) blends were processed by melt mixing using two types of interfacial agent, i.e. diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A and a poly(ethylene-co-butyl acrylate-co-maleic anhydride) copolymer. Morphologies of the blends were tailored from the nature and amount of the interfacial agents. The average size of the dispersed phase was shown to decrease with the incorporation of the reactive agents and was proved to respect models, usually employed for conventional blends, for size predictions of the dispersed phase. By means of rheological experiments, it has been investigated whether the size reduction of the dispersed phase was coming from the compatibilization of the blend or from the viscosity changes due to chain extension in the matrix. The influence of the coupling agents on the viscoelastic behavior of the blend was characterized. Both interfacial agents led to increase the absolute complex viscosity but in the case of diepoxy reactive agent, the Newtonian flow behavior of complex viscosity totally disappeared in the low-frequency region. Mechanical properties of the TPS/PA12 blends were characterized and were proved to be strongly impacted by the use of interfacial agents. Elongation at break was enhanced as a consequence of a better adhesion between the matrix and the dispersed phase, whereas a decrease of the Young’s modulus was observed with increasing DGEBA content. Polyamide 12 crystallization in TPS/PA12 blends was found to be strongly dependent on DGEBA content while the introduction of maleic anhydride-grafted copolymer had no influence.