Hydrocarbon leakage through focused fluid flow systems in continental margins

• Published in: Marine geology 2012-12, Vol.332-334, p.1-3
• Main Authors: Anka, Zahie, Berndt, Christian, Gay, Aurélien
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Atmospheres; cold seeps; Dynamical systems; Dynamics; Earth Sciences; Environmental Sciences; Fluid dynamics; Fluid flow; Fluids; focused fluid flow; Geophysics; Global Changes; hydrocarbon leakage; Hydrocarbons; Marine; methane-derived carbonate; Oceans; PETM; Physics; polygonal fault; Sciences of the Universe
• ISSN: 0025-3227; 1872-6151
• DOI: 10.1016/j.margeo.2012.10.012

Transport of liquid and gaseous hydrocarbons through focused fluid flow systems is a widespread process in continental margins and sedimentary basins, which is gaining increased attention in the assessment of geohazards, environment conservation, and securing fossil energy resources. Studying the abundance, distribution and drivers for this process is crucial for understanding its role in 1) the dynamics of gas hydrate accumulation and destabilization, 2) submarine slope stability and related tsunamis, 3) the plethora of chemosynthetic benthic ecosystems that develop in deep seep sites, and 4) the input of greenhouse gases (e.g. methane) into the ocean/atmosphere system, which may influence the atmospheric carbon budget and Earth's paleo- and present climate. New ocean exploration tools provide ever more data and improve our understanding of these systems. However, the subject still suffers from a lack of interdisciplinary knowledge dissemination. The ongoing international debate about the timing and the processes that control fluid expulsion in sedimentary basins is fuelled by their implications for structural and petroleum geology. Because fluids expelled at cold seeps originate at depth they represent open windows into the underlying petroleum systems and are valuable indicators for the reservoir systems. They may also help in deciphering past and predicting future climate change because worldwide release of large amounts of fluids may have an impact on the chemistry of the ocean and atmosphere. ► Special issue on hydrocarbon leakage through focused fluid flow systems. ► Imaging and interpretation of gas migration and flow structures. ► Polygonal fault systems and their implications on fluid and hydrocarbon migration. ► Ecosystems, methane-derived carbonates and geochemistry of seeps. ► Petroleum systems, thermogenic gas release, and Cenozoic hyper-thermal events.