Effect of Sn-doping on the electrochemical behaviour of TiO2 nanotubes as potential negative electrode materials for 3D Li-ion micro batteries

Self-organized Sn-doped TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated by anodization of co-sputtered Ti–Sn thin films in a glycerol electrolyte containing NH4F. The Sn-doped TiO2nts were studied in terms of composition, morphology and structure by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectro...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of power sources 2013-02, Vol.224, p.269-277
Main Authors: Kyeremateng, N.A., Vacandio, F., Sougrati, M.-T., Martinez, H., Jumas, J.-C., Knauth, P., Djenizian, T.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anodization
Anodizing
Applied sciences
Chemical Sciences
Co-sputtering
Direct energy conversion and energy accumulation
Electric batteries
Electrical engineering. Electrical power engineering
Electrical power engineering
Electrochemical conversion: primary and secondary batteries, fuel cells
Exact sciences and technology
Lithium
Lithium batteries
Material chemistry
Materials
Micro batteries
Mössbauer spectroscopy
Nanotubes
Three dimensional
Tin
Titania nanotubes
Titanium dioxide
X-rays
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Summary:Self-organized Sn-doped TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated by anodization of co-sputtered Ti–Sn thin films in a glycerol electrolyte containing NH4F. The Sn-doped TiO2nts were studied in terms of composition, morphology and structure by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and 119Sn Mössbauer spectroscopy. The electrochemical behaviour of the Sn-doped TiO2nts was evaluated in Li test cells as a possible negative electrode for 3D Li-ion micro batteries. The Sn-doped TiO2nts delivered much higher capacity values compared to simple TiO2nts. The outstanding electrochemical behaviour is proposed to be related to the enhanced lithium diffusivity evidenced with Cottrell plots, and the rutile-type structure imparted with the Sn doping. ► Sn-doped TiO2 nanotubes were fabricated by anodization of sputtered Ti–Sn thin films. ► The Sn-doped TiO2nts can be used as anodes for 3D Li-ion micro batteries. ► The electrochemical performance of Sn-doped TiO2nts was better than simple TiO2nts. ► The improved performance is related to enhanced lithium diffusivity with Sn doping. ► This synthesis approach is extendable for Fe/Sb/Nb-doping of TiO2 nanotubes.
ISSN:0378-7753
1873-2755
DOI:10.1016/j.jpowsour.2012.09.104