Chromatin-Driven Behavior of Topologically Associating Domains

Metazoan genomes are highly organized inside the cell nucleus. Topologically associating domains (TADs) represent the building blocks of genome organization, but their linear modularity does not explain alone their spatial organization. Indeed, the chromatin type adorning a TAD can shape its structu...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of molecular biology 2015-02, Vol.427 (3), p.608-625
Main Authors: Ciabrelli, Filippo, Cavalli, Giacomo
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
3D chromosome organization
Animals
Cell Nucleus - genetics
chromatin
Chromatin - genetics
Epigenomics
Genetics
Genome
genome regulation
Humans
Life Sciences
Polycomb
topologically associating domains
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Summary:Metazoan genomes are highly organized inside the cell nucleus. Topologically associating domains (TADs) represent the building blocks of genome organization, but their linear modularity does not explain alone their spatial organization. Indeed, the chromatin type adorning a TAD can shape its structure and drives its nuclear positioning and its function. Genome-wide association studies revealed mainly four chromatin types: active chromatin, Polycomb-repressed chromatin, null chromatin and constitutive heterochromatin. In this review, we will describe the main three-dimensional features of each chromatin type and finally their relationships with TAD organization and epigenetic memory [Display omitted] •Metazoan genomes are highly organized inside the cell nucleus.•TADs do not explain alone their spatial organization.•The chromatin shapes TAD's structure and drives its nuclear positioning and function.•Genome-wide association studies revealed four chromatin types.•Main three-dimensional features of each chromatin type, their relationships with TAD organization and epigenetic memory are described.
ISSN:0022-2836
1089-8638
DOI:10.1016/j.jmb.2014.09.013