Plasmacytoid Dendritic Cells Migrate in Afferent Skin Lymph

• Published in: The Journal of immunology (1950) 2008-05, Vol.180 (9), p.5963-5972
• Main Authors: Pascale, Florentia, Contreras, Vanessa, Bonneau, Michel, Courbet, Alexandre, Chilmonczyk, Stefan, Bevilacqua, Claudia, Eparaud, Mathieu, Niborski, Violeta, Riffault, Sabine, Balazuc, Anne-Marie, Foulon, Eliane, Guzylack-Piriou, Laurence, Riteau, Beatrice, Hope, Jayne, Bertho, Nicolas, Charley, Bernard, Schwartz-Cornil, Isabelle
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; CD11c Antigen - immunology; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - cytology; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes - immunology; Cell Movement - drug effects; Cell Movement - physiology; Dendritic Cells - cytology; Dendritic Cells - immunology; Female; Immunity, Innate - drug effects; Immunity, Innate - physiology; Immunology; Interferon Regulatory Factor-7 - immunology; Interferon Type I - immunology; Leukocyte Common Antigens - immunology; Life Sciences; Lymph - cytology; Lymph - immunology; Lymph Nodes - cytology; Lymph Nodes - immunology; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - immunology; Oligodeoxyribonucleotides - pharmacology; Plasma Cells - cytology; Plasma Cells - immunology; Sheep; Skin - cytology; Skin - immunology; Swine; Swine, Miniature; Toll-Like Receptor 7 - immunology; Toll-Like Receptor 9 - immunology; Viruses - immunology
• ISSN: 0022-1767; 1550-6606
• DOI: 10.4049/jimmunol.180.9.5963

Conventional dendritic cells enter lymph nodes by migrating from peripheral tissues via the lymphatic route, whereas plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDC), also called IFN-producing cells (IPC), are described to gain nodes from blood via the high endothelial venules. We demonstrate here that IPC/pDC migrate in the afferent lymph of two large mammals. In sheep, injection of type A CpG oligodinucleotide (ODN) induced lymph cells to produce type I IFN. Furthermore, low-density lymph cells collected at steady state produced type I IFN after stimulation with type A CpG ODN and enveloped viruses. Sheep lymph IPC were found within a minor B(neg)CD11c(neg) subset expressing CD45RB. They presented a plasmacytoid morphology, expressed high levels of TLR-7, TLR-9, and IFN regulatory factor 7 mRNA, induced IFN-gamma production in allogeneic CD4(pos) T cells, and differentiated into dendritic cell-like cells under viral stimulation, thus fulfilling criteria of bona fide pDC. In mini-pig, a CD4(pos)SIRP(pos) subset in afferent lymph cells, corresponding to pDC homologs, produced type I IFN after type A CpG-ODN triggering. Thus, pDC can link innate and acquired immunity by migrating from tissue to draining node via lymph, similarly to conventional dendritic cells.