Immunogenicity and Safety of Influenza Vaccine in Inflammatory Bowel Disease Patients Treated or not with Immunomodulators and/or Biologics: A Two-year Prospective Study

• Published in: Journal of Crohn's and colitis 2015-12, Vol.9 (12), p.1096-1107
• Main Authors: Launay, Odile, Abitbol, Vered, Krivine, Anne, Slama, Lilia Ben, Bourreille, Arnaud, Dupas, Jean Louis, Hébuterne, Xavier, Savoye, Guillaume, Deplanque, Dominique, Bouhnik, Yoram, Pelletier, Anne Laure, Galtier, Florence, Laharie, David, Nachury, Maria, Zerbib, Frank, Allez, Mathieu, Bommelaer, Gilles, Duclos, Bernard, Lucht, Frederic, Gougeon, Marie-Lise, Tartour, Eric, Rozenberg, Flore, Hanslik, Thomas, Beaugerie, Laurent, Carrat, Fabrice
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adolescent; Adult; Antibodies, Monoclonal - therapeutic use; Chemical Sciences; Drug Therapy, Combination; Female; Follow-Up Studies; Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; Humans; Immunosuppressive Agents - therapeutic use; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - drug therapy; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - immunology; Inflammatory Bowel Diseases - virology; Influenza A Virus, H1N1 Subtype - immunology; Influenza A Virus, H3N2 Subtype - immunology; Influenza Vaccines - immunology; Influenza, Human - immunology; Influenza, Human - prevention & control; Male; Middle Aged; Organic chemistry; Prospective Studies; Treatment Outcome; Young Adult
• ISSN: 1873-9946; 1876-4479
• DOI: 10.1093/ecco-jcc/jjv152

Background and aims: Data on the efficacy and safety of seasonal influenza vaccines in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) remain scarce. The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of immunosuppressive (IS) therapeutics on serological response to 2-year influenza vaccination in IBD adults. Methods: A multicentre prospective study performed in 255 IBD adults (18–64 years) receiving the trivalent influenza vaccine in the years 2009–2010 and 2010–2011. Haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres were assessed before and 3 weeks and 6 months after vaccination. Results: At inclusion, 31 patients were receiving no IS treatment (Group A), 77 were receiving IS treatment without anti-TNF (Group B) and 117 were receiving anti-tumour necrosis factor (TNF) treatment with or without IS treatment (Group C). Three weeks after the first vaccination, rates of seroprotection were 77, 75 and 66% for strain A/H1N12007 (p = 0.35), 77, 68 and 52% for strain A/H3N2 (p = 0.014) and 97, 96 and 95% for strain B (p = 0.99) in Groups A, B and C, respectively. Seroconversion rates for A/H1N12007 (67, 64 and 54%; p = 0.28), A/H3N2 (63, 50 and 41%; p = 0.074) and strain B (63, 76 and 60%; p = 0.078) were not significantly different among treatment groups. At 6 months after vaccination, seroprotection rates were lower in Group C compared with Groups A and B. Comparable results were observed for the second year of vaccination. No impact on Harvey–Bradshaw and Mayo scores was detected. Conclusions: Influenza vaccine yielded high seroprotection rates in IBD patients. Persistence of seroprotection was lower in patients with anti-TNF treatment. ClinicalTrials.gov, number NCT01022749.