A review on the use of calcium chloride in applied thermal engineering

The combination of its hygroscopy, heat of hydration, the low to medium melting points of its hydrates and its low material costs makes calcium chloride and the respective hydrates an attractive substance for various thermal processes. For refrigeration applications, the ammonia sorption is of high...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied thermal engineering 2015-01, Vol.75, p.513-531
Main Authors: N'Tsoukpoe, Kokouvi Edem, Rammelberg, Holger Urs, Lele, Armand Fopah, Korhammer, Kathrin, Watts, Beatriz Amanda, Schmidt, Thomas, Ruck, Wolfgang K.L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Absorption processes
Adsorption cooling and heating
Ammonia
Calcium chloride
Chemical and Process Engineering
Chemical Physics
Chemical properties
Chemical Sciences
Dehumidification
Desiccants
Desiccation
Engineering Sciences
Environmental Engineering
Environmental Sciences
Fluid mechanics
Hydrates
Material chemistry
Mechanics
Physics
Reactive fluid environment
Refrigeration
Sorption
Thermal energy
Thermal engineering
Thermics
Thermochemical storage
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Summary:The combination of its hygroscopy, heat of hydration, the low to medium melting points of its hydrates and its low material costs makes calcium chloride and the respective hydrates an attractive substance for various thermal processes. For refrigeration applications, the ammonia sorption is of high significance. The use of calcium chloride in pure or modified form is reviewed from the application point of view. A short analysis of the general physical and chemical properties highlights the advantageous properties. An overview is given about its use in the following applications: phase change material, desiccant, heat pumps and refrigeration and thermal energy storage. The advantages and challenges are discussed as well as approaches for technical improvement. •We review the use of CaCl2 in PCM, sorption and thermochemical applications.•For each application field, CaCl2 exhibits various undesirable behaviours.•Numerous specific additives have been identified to address these problems.•The use of CaCl2 as PCM for thermal storage has been widely demonstrated.•More research is needed for the use of CaCl2 in sorption and thermochemical units.
ISSN:1359-4311
1873-5606
DOI:10.1016/j.applthermaleng.2014.09.047