Identification of novel anti-inflammatory probiotic strains isolated from pulque

• Published in: Applied microbiology and biotechnology 2016-01, Vol.100 (1), p.385-396
• Main Authors: Torres-Maravilla, Edgar, Lenoir, Marion, Mayorga-Reyes, Lino, Allain, Thibault, Sokol, Harry, Langella, Philippe, Sánchez-Pardo, María E, Bermúdez-Humarán, Luis G
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acid tolerance; Acids; animal models; Animals; anti-inflammatory activity; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - pharmacology; Anti-Inflammatory Agents - therapeutic use; Applied Microbial and Cell Physiology; Bacteria; Bacterial Adhesion; Benzene; Beverages; Beverages - microbiology; Bile; bile acids; Biomedical and Life Sciences; Biotechnology; Cell Line; Chemical Sciences; Cluster Analysis; colitis; Colitis - chemically induced; Colitis - drug therapy; Colitis - pathology; Cytokines; diarrhea; Dinitrofluorobenzene - analogs & derivatives; Dinitrofluorobenzene - toxicity; Disease Models, Animal; DNA, Bacterial - chemistry; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; DNA, Ribosomal - chemistry; DNA, Ribosomal - genetics; Enzymes; Epithelial Cells - microbiology; Fermented foods; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; genes; Health aspects; Host-bacteria relationships; Humans; immunomodulators; Inflammation; Inflammatory bowel disease; intestinal mucosa; Lactobacillus; Lactobacillus - classification; Lactobacillus - isolation & purification; Lactobacillus - physiology; Lactobacillus brevis; Lactobacillus paracasei; Lactobacillus plantarum; Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis; Life Sciences; lysozyme; Medical treatment; Mexico; Mice; Microbial Genetics and Genomics; Microbiology; Microorganisms; Molecular Sequence Data; Observations; Organic chemistry; Permeability; Phylogeny; polymerase chain reaction; Probiotics; Probiotics - isolation & purification; Probiotics - pharmacology; Probiotics - therapeutic use; ribosomal RNA; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; Sequence Analysis, DNA; species identification; Studies; sulfonic acid; Treatment Outcome; weight loss
• ISSN: 0175-7598; 1432-0614
• DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7049-4

Probiotics are live microorganisms which when administered in adequate amounts, confer health benefits on the host. Their use is more and more widespread for both prevention and treatment of diseases, including traveler’s diarrhea and inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs). In this work, we isolated and characterized novel candidate probiotic strains from pulque (xaxtle), a traditional Mexican alcoholic fermented beverage. A total of 14 strains were obtained from xaxtle samples isolated from three different Mexican regions. Species identification was performed by biochemical methods and 16S rRNA gene targeted PCR. The isolates belonged to the Lactobacillus plantarum, Lactobacillus paracasei, Lactobacillus brevis, and Lactobacillus composti phylogenetic groups, with L. brevis being the most dominant group. Bacteria were tested for lysozyme, low pH, and bile acid resistance. Moreover, the strains were tested for adherence to human intestinal epithelial cells and screened for their immunomodulatory properties using a cellular model. Selected bacterial strains with anti-inflammatory properties were then tested in vivo in a dinitro-benzene sulfonic acid (DNBS)-induced chronic colitis mouse model, and weight loss, gut permeability, and cytokine profiles were measured as readouts of inflammation. One of the selected strains, Lactobacillus sanfranciscensis LBH1068, improved mice health as observed by a reduction of weight loss, significant decreases in gut permeability, and cytokine modulation. Altogether, our results highlighted the potential of lactobacilli isolated from pulque and in particular the strain L. sanfranciscensis LBH1068 as a novel probiotic to treat IBD.