Dielectric Coating‐Induced Absorption Enhancement in Si Nanowire Junctions

• Published in: Advanced optical materials 2015-01, Vol.3 (1), p.120-128
• Main Authors: Solanki, Amit, Gentile, Pascal, Boutami, Salim, Calvo, Vincent, Pauc, Nicolas
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: light absorption; Mie resonances; nanowires; Optics; photocurrent; Photovoltaic cells; photovoltaics; Physics; Solar energy
• ISSN: 2195-1071; 2195-1071
• DOI: 10.1002/adom.201400334

The efficient photon management in nanowires coupled with tunable absorption can provide a significant advancement in the current solar cell technology. Adding a shell on the nanowire (NW) offers an extra degree of freedom for tailoring the NW absorption. Calculations are performed to study the shell‐induced changes in the core absorption of an ideal Si nanocylinder after enclosing it with conformal dielectrics of different thicknesses and permittivities. The calculation shows that coating the Si nanowires with nonabsorbing or weakly absorbing dielectric shells can significantly improve the mean spectral absorption efficiency of the Si core for optimized thickness and extinction. Experimental data are brought from a neighboring system consisting of individual NW junctions sandwiched between an oxidized planar Si substrate and a top‐deposited oxide layer. The measured absorption spectra show a good agreement with the theoretical spectra, with a mean spectral absorption enhancement after oxide coating as high as 5.7 in axial junctions, exceeding its theoretical counterpart that is limited to ≈1.5. Coating the nanowires with an optimized oxide shell provides a new approach to significantly enhance the light harvesting in nanowires and will lead to more efficient photovoltaics. Light absorption in the core and shell of Si– SiO2 or Si– Si3N4 nanowires is analyzed using Mie theory. The effect of shell parameters (thickness, permittivity) on the core absorption improvement is discussed. Photocurrent increase is observed on a neighboring system (Si nanowires sandwiched between two oxide layers) and compared with the ideal cylindrical case.