Facial soft tissue depths in French adults: Variability, specificity and estimation

Abstract Facial soft tissue depths (FSTD) are used in facial approximation to render the shape of the face, and are traditionally published specifically to population, corpulence, and sex amongst other factors. This paper investigates the variability of FSTD collected at 37 landmarks on 500 CT (comp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Forensic science international 2013-09, Vol.231 (1), p.411.e1-411.e10
Main Authors: Guyomarc’h, Pierre, Santos, Frédéric, Dutailly, Bruno, Coqueugniot, Hélène
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Age
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Analysis of Variance
Approximation
Archaeology and Prehistory
Body Mass Index
Computation
Computed tomography
Construction
Craniofacial identification
Face - anatomy & histology
Face - diagnostic imaging
Facial
Facial approximation
Facial reconstruction
Female
Forensic Anthropology
Forensic sciences
France
Humanities and Social Sciences
Humans
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted
Male
Mathematical analysis
Measurement techniques
Medical imaging
Middle Aged
Pathology
Principal Component Analysis
Regression Analysis
Sex
Sex Characteristics
Skull - anatomy & histology
Skull - diagnostic imaging
Soft tissue thickness
Soft tissues
Software
Studies
TIVMI
Tomography
Tomography, X-Ray Computed
Young Adult
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Summary:Abstract Facial soft tissue depths (FSTD) are used in facial approximation to render the shape of the face, and are traditionally published specifically to population, corpulence, and sex amongst other factors. This paper investigates the variability of FSTD collected at 37 landmarks on 500 CT (computed tomography) scans of French living individuals. The specificity of the sample is evaluated by comparing values with six published datasets of various populations and recording techniques. Apart from a significant influence of the corpulence, FSTD show negligible variations with age and sex. The differences between the French sample and other datasets contradict the hypothesis of major influence of population, and underline sample specificity linked with technique and methodology of data measurement. Regression equations were computed to estimate FSTD using age, sex, facial build, and craniometrics, leading to more accurate results if such factors are known. Nevertheless, application of the pooled T-table (Tallied-Facial-Soft-Tissue-Depth-Data) has been validated according to the French sample.
ISSN:0379-0738
1872-6283
DOI:10.1016/j.forsciint.2013.04.007