Cytolytic peptides belonging to the brevinin-1 and brevinin-2 families isolated from the skin of the Japanese brown frog, Rana dybowskii

• Published in: Toxicon (Oxford) 2007-11, Vol.50 (6), p.746-756
• Main Authors: Conlon, J. Michael, Kolodziejek, Jolanta, Nowotny, Norbert, Leprince, Jérôme, Vaudry, Hubert, Coquet, Laurent, Jouenne, Thierry, Iwamuro, Shawichi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Amino Acid Sequence; Amphibian Proteins; Amphibian Proteins - chemistry; Amphibian Proteins - isolation & purification; Amphibian Proteins - pharmacology; Animal poisons toxicology. Antivenoms; Animals; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - chemistry; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - isolation & purification; Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides - pharmacology; Antimicrobial peptide; Biological and medical sciences; Brevinin-1; Brevinin-2; Cell Behavior; Cellular Biology; Chemical Sciences; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; Cytotoxins; Cytotoxins - chemistry; Cytotoxins - isolation & purification; Cytotoxins - pharmacology; Erythrocytes; Erythrocytes - drug effects; Escherichia coli; Escherichia coli - drug effects; Escherichia coli - growth & development; Female; Freshwater; Frog phylogeny; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hemolysis; Hemolysis - drug effects; Humans; Invertebrates; Life Sciences; Medical sciences; Medicinal Chemistry; Microbial Viability; Microbial Viability - drug effects; Molecular Sequence Data; Mollusca; Neurobiology; Neurons and Cognition; Pathology; Pharmaceutical sciences; Pharmacology; Phylogeny; Protein Isoforms; Proteins; Proteins - chemistry; Proteins - isolation & purification; Proteins - pharmacology; Rana dybowskii; Ranidae; Ranidae - classification; Ranidae - genetics; Skin; Skin - chemistry; Staphylococcus aureus; Staphylococcus aureus - drug effects; Staphylococcus aureus - genetics; Temporin; Tissue Extracts; Tissue Extracts - chemistry; Tissue Extracts - pharmacology; Toxicology
• ISSN: 0041-0101; 1879-3150; 0041-0101
• DOI: 10.1016/j.toxicon.2007.06.023

Peptidomic analysis of an extract of the skins of specimens of Dybowski's brown frog Rana dybowskii Gunther, 1876, collected on Tsushima Island, Japan led to the identification of 10 peptides with differential antibacterial and hemolytic activities. The primary structures of these peptides identified them as belonging to the brevinin-1 (5 peptides) and brevinin-2 (5 peptides) families of antimicrobial peptides. A peptide (FIGPIISALASLFG.NH 2) with structural similarity to members of the temporin family was also isolated but this component lacked cytolytic activity. Phylogenetic relationships among the Japanese brown frogs ( R. dybowskii, R. japonica, R. okinavana, R. ornativentris, R. pirica, R. sakuraii, R. tagoi, and R. tsushimensis) are only incompletely understood. Cladograms based upon maximum parsimony analyses of the brevinin-1 and brevinin-2 amino acid sequences provide strong support for a sister-group relationship between R. dybowskii and R. pirica and somewhat weaker support for a sister-group relationship between R. okinavana and R. tsushimensis. These conclusions are consistent with previous analyses based upon allozyme variations and comparisons of the nucleotide sequences of mitochondrial genes.