Chemical modification of the cocoa shell surface using diazonium salts

[Display omitted] The outer portion of the cocoa bean, also known as cocoa husk or cocoa shell (CS), is an agrowaste material from the cocoa industry. Even though raw CS is used as food additive, garden mulch, and soil conditioner or even burnt for fuel, this biomass material has hardly ever been in...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of colloid and interface science 2017-05, Vol.494, p.92-97
Main Authors: Fioresi, Flavia, Vieillard, Julien, Bargougui, Radhouane, Bouazizi, Nabil, Fotsing, Patrick Nkuigue, Woumfo, Emmanuel Djoufac, Brun, Nicolas, Mofaddel, Nadine, Le Derf, Franck
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemical Sciences
Cocoa husk
Cocoa shell
Diazonium
Grafting
Lignin
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Summary:[Display omitted] The outer portion of the cocoa bean, also known as cocoa husk or cocoa shell (CS), is an agrowaste material from the cocoa industry. Even though raw CS is used as food additive, garden mulch, and soil conditioner or even burnt for fuel, this biomass material has hardly ever been investigated for further modification. This article proposes a strategy of chemical modification of cocoa shell to add value to this natural material. The study investigates the grafting of aryl diazonium salt on cocoa shell. Different diazonium salts were grafted on the shell surface and characterized by infrared spectroscopy and scanning electronic microscopy imaging. Strategies were developed to demonstrate the spontaneous grafting of aryl diazonium salt on cocoa shell and to elucidate that lignin is mainly involved in immobilizing the phenyl layer.
ISSN:0021-9797
1095-7103
DOI:10.1016/j.jcis.2017.01.069