Increase of positive supercoiling in a hyperthermophilic archaeon after UV irradiation

Diverse DNA repair mechanisms are essential to all living organisms. Some of the most widespread repair systems allow recovery of genome integrity in the face of UV radiation. Here, we show that the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus nautili possesses a remarkable ability to recovery from extre...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Extremophiles : life under extreme conditions 2019-01, Vol.23 (1), p.141-149
Main Authors: Gorlas, A., Catchpole, R., Marguet, E., Forterre, P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Archaeal Proteins - metabolism
Biochemistry
Biomedical and Life Sciences
Biotechnology
Chromosome aberrations
Chromosomes
Deoxyribonucleic acid
DNA
DNA Breaks, Double-Stranded
DNA Fragmentation
DNA Gyrase - metabolism
DNA Repair
DNA, Archaeal - radiation effects
DNA, Superhelical - radiation effects
Double-strand break repair
Genomes
Integrity
Irradiation
Life Sciences
Microbial Ecology
Microbiology
Original Paper
Plasmids
Plasmids - radiation effects
Radiation damage
Recovery
Repair
Restoration
Reverse gyrase
Space life sciences
Supercoiling
Thermococcus - genetics
Thermococcus - radiation effects
Topology
Ultraviolet radiation
Ultraviolet Rays
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Summary:Diverse DNA repair mechanisms are essential to all living organisms. Some of the most widespread repair systems allow recovery of genome integrity in the face of UV radiation. Here, we show that the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus nautili possesses a remarkable ability to recovery from extreme chromosomal damage. Immediately following UV irradiation, chromosomal DNA of T. nautili is fragmented beyond recognition. However, the extensive UV-induced double-stranded breaks (DSB) are repaired over the course of several hours, allowing restoration of growth. DSBs also disrupted plasmid DNA in this species. Similar to the chromosome, plasmid integrity was restored during an outgrowth period. Intriguingly, the topology of recovered pTN1 plasmids differed from control strain by being more positively supercoiled. As reverse gyrase (RG) is the only enzyme capable of inducing positive supercoiling, our results suggest the activation of RG activity by UV-induced stress. We suggest simple UV stress could be used to study archaeal DNA repair and responses to DSB.
ISSN:1431-0651
1433-4909
DOI:10.1007/s00792-018-1068-x