In vitro evaluation of TiO2 nanotubes as cefuroxime carriers on orthopaedic implants for the prevention of periprosthetic joint infections

• Published in: International journal of pharmaceutics 2013-10, Vol.455 (1-2), p.298-305
• Main Authors: Chennell, P., Feschet-Chassot, E., Devers, T., Awitor, K.O., Descamps, S., Sautou, V.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Anti-Bacterial Agents; Anti-Bacterial Agents - administration & dosage; Anti-Bacterial Agents - chemistry; Bacterial Infections; Bacterial Infections - prevention & control; Bioengineering; Biomaterials; Cefuroxime; Cefuroxime - administration & dosage; Cefuroxime - chemistry; crystal structure; Crystallization; Drug Carriers; Drug Carriers - chemistry; Drug delivery systems; Galenic pharmacology; in vitro studies; Joint Diseases; Joint Diseases - prevention & control; Life Sciences; Nanotubes; Nanotubes - chemistry; orthopedics; Periprosthetic joint infections; Pharmaceutical sciences; Prostheses and Implants; Surface Properties; therapeutics; Titanium; Titanium - chemistry; Titanium dioxide
• ISSN: 0378-5173; 1873-3476
• DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.07.014

The prevention of periprosthetic joint infections requires an antibiotic prophylactic therapy, which could be delivered locally using titanium dioxide nanotubes as novel reservoirs created directly on the orthopaedic implant titanium surface. In this study, the influence of several parameters that could impact the use of titanium dioxide nanotubes as cefuroxime carriers was investigated. Cefuroxime loading and release was studied for 90min with three nano-topography conditions (nano-smooth, nano-rugged and nano-tubular), two cefuroxime loading solution concentrations (150mg/mL and 25mg/mL) and two nano-tubular crystalline structures. In all tested conditions, maximum amount of cefuroxime was obtained within 2min. For both cefuroxime loading solution concentrations, nano-smooth samples released the least cefuroxime, and the nano-tubular samples released the most, and a six-fold increase in the concentration of the cefuroxime loading increased the amount of cefuroxime quantified by more than seven times, for all tested nano-topographies. However, the nano-tubes’ crystalline structure did not have any influence on the amount of cefuroxime quantified. The results demonstrated that the surface nano-topography and loading solution concentration influence the efficiency of titanium dioxide nanotubes as cefuroxime carriers and need to be optimized for use as novel reservoirs for local delivery of cefuroxime to prevent periprosthetic infections.