Exploring the Degradation of Gallotannins Catalyzed by Tannase Produced by Aspergillus niger GH1 for Ellagic Acid Production in Submerged and Solid-State Fermentation

• Published in: Applied biochemistry and biotechnology 2018-06, Vol.185 (2), p.476-483
• Main Authors: Chávez-González, Mónica L., Guyot, Sylvain, Rodríguez-Herrera, Raul, Prado-Barragán, Arely, Aguilar, Cristóbal N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Acid production; Acids; Aspergillus niger; Bacteria; Bioactive compounds; Biochemistry; Biodegradation; Biomolecules; Biotechnology; Carbon sources; Catalysis; Chemical and Process Engineering; Chemical compounds; Chemistry; Chemistry and Materials Science; Degradation; Ellagic acid; Engineering Sciences; Fermentation; Food engineering; Functional foods & nutraceuticals; Gallic acid; Hydrolase; Hydrolysis; Intermediates; Life Sciences; Liquid chromatography; Mass spectrometry; Mass spectroscopy; Microbial degradation; Microorganisms; Polyphenols; Polyurethane; Polyurethane foam; Solid state; Solid state fermentation; Solid state physics; Tannase; Tannic acid
• ISSN: 0273-2289; 1559-0291
• DOI: 10.1007/s12010-017-2663-5

Due to great interest on producing bioactive compounds for functional foods and biopharmaceuticals, it is important to explore the microbial degradation of potential sources of target biomolecules. Gallotannins are polyphenols present in nature, an example of them is tannic acid which is susceptible to enzymatic hydrolysis. This hydrolysis is performed by tannase or tannin acyl hydrolase, releasing in this way, biomolecules with high-added value. In the present study, chemical profiles obtained after fungal degradation of tannic acid under two bioprocesses (submerged fermentation (SmF) and solid state fermentation (SSF)) were determined. In both fermentation systems (SmF and SSF), Aspergillus niger GH1 strain and tannic acid as a sole carbon source and inducer were used (the presence of tannic acid promotes production of enzyme tannase). In case of SSF, polyurethane foam (PUF) was used like as support of fermentation; culture medium only was used in case of submerged fermentation. Fermentation processes were monitored during 72 h; samples were taken kinetically every 8 h; and all extracts obtained were partially purified to obtain polyphenolic fraction and then were analyzed by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Molecules like gallic acid and n -galloyl glucose were identified as intermediates in degradation of tannic acid; during SSF was identified ellagic acid production. The results obtained in this study will contribute to biotechnological production of ellagic acid.