Organellar RNA editing

RNA editing is a term used for a number of mechanistically different processes that alter the nucleotide sequence of RNA molecules to differ from the gene sequence. RNA editing occurs in a wide variety of organisms and is particularly frequent in organelle transcripts of eukaryotes. The discontiguou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Wiley interdisciplinary reviews. RNA 2011-07, Vol.2 (4), p.493-506
Main Authors: Chateigner-Boutin, Anne-Laure, Small, Ian
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Chemical and Process Engineering
Deoxyribonucleic acid
Dinoflagellida - genetics
Dinoflagellida - metabolism
DNA
DNA - genetics
Editing
Engineering Sciences
Eukaryotes
Food engineering
Gene expression
Genomes
Life Sciences
Models, Biological
Mutation
Myxomycetes - genetics
Myxomycetes - metabolism
Nucleotide sequence
Organelles
Organelles - genetics
Organelles - metabolism
Phylogeny
Plants - genetics
Plants - metabolism
RNA - genetics
RNA - metabolism
RNA editing
RNA Editing - genetics
RNA Editing - physiology
RNA modification
RNA processing
RNA, Messenger - genetics
RNA, Messenger - metabolism
RNA, Plant - genetics
RNA, Plant - metabolism
RNA, Protozoan - genetics
RNA, Protozoan - metabolism
RNA, Ribosomal - genetics
RNA, Ribosomal - metabolism
Trypanosomatina - genetics
Trypanosomatina - metabolism
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Summary:RNA editing is a term used for a number of mechanistically different processes that alter the nucleotide sequence of RNA molecules to differ from the gene sequence. RNA editing occurs in a wide variety of organisms and is particularly frequent in organelle transcripts of eukaryotes. The discontiguous phylogenetic distribution of mRNA editing, the mechanistic differences observed in different organisms, and the nonhomologous editing machinery described in different taxonomic groups all suggest that RNA editing has appeared independently several times. This raises questions about the selection pressures acting to maintain editing that are yet to be completely resolved. Editing tends to be frequent in organisms with atypical organelle genomes and acts to correct the effect of DNA mutations that would otherwise compromise the synthesis of functional proteins. Additional functions of editing in generating protein diversity or regulating gene expression have been proposed but so far lack widespread experimental evidence, at least in organelles. WIREs RNA 2011 2 493–506 DOI: 10.1002/wrna.72 This article is categorized under: RNA Processing > RNA Editing and Modification
ISSN:1757-7004
1757-7012
1757-7012
DOI:10.1002/wrna.72