Susceptibility to Organophosphate Insecticides and Activity of Detoxifying Enzymes in Spanish Populations of Cydia pomonella (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae)

• Published in: Journal of economic entomology 2010-04, Vol.103 (2), p.482-491
• Main Authors: Rodríguez, Marcela A., Bosch, Dolors, Sauphanor, Benoît, Avilla, Jesús
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Azinphos-methyl; bioassay; Biological and medical sciences; Control; Cydia pomonella; detoxifying enzymes; Economics and Finance; Enzymatic activity; esterase; expressed sequence tags; Female; Fruits; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Generalities; Glutathione transferase; Humanities and Social Sciences; Insecta; Insecticide Resistance - physiology; INSECTICIDE RESISTANCE AND RESISTANCE MANAGEMENT; Insecticides; Insecticides - pharmacology; Invertebrates; Lepidoptera; Male; Moths - drug effects; Moths - enzymology; Orchards; organophosphates; Organophosphates - pharmacology; phosalone; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection; Protozoa. Invertebrates; resistance detection; Sex; Spain; Topical application; Tortricidae
• ISSN: 0022-0493; 1938-291X; 0022-0493
• DOI: 10.1603/EC09249

The mechanisms associated with resistance of codling moth, Cydia pomonella (L.) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), to organophosphate insecticides in pome fruit orchards have been shown to depend on the area. Our objectives were to evaluate the susceptibility of Spanish codling moth populations to chlorpyrifos-ethyl, azinphos-methyl, and phosalone, and the activity of three enzymatic systems reported to be involved in resistance. Eleven field populations and a susceptible strain used as a reference were tested using a bioassay consisting in the topical application of a diagnostic concentration on postdiapausing larvae. The enzymatic activity of mixed function oxidases (MFO), glutathione transferases (GST), and esterases (EST) was measured in postdiapausing larvae and adults. A significant decrease in the efficacy of the organophosphates was observed for all field populations, although the decrease was smaller in the case of chlorpyrifos-ethyl. No differences between sexes were detected. In postdiapausing larvae, the activity of the three enzymatic systems was higher in all the field populations than in the susceptible population. The possible implication of EST in codling moth insecticide resistance is reported for the first time in European field populations. In adults, only MFO and GST were implicated. Codling moth resistance to organophosphates in Spanish populations must be taken into account in the implementation of antiresistance strategies.