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Origin and genetic diversity of Tunisian grapes as revealed by microsatellite markers

Ten SSR loci, previously developed for grapevine, were analyzed to evaluate the genetic variability, cultivar relatedness, and parentage in a collection of 61 autochthonous Vitis vinifera cultivars from Tunisia. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 6 to 11, while the number of genotype patter...

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Published in:Scientia horticulturae 2009, Vol.120 (4), p.479-486
Main Authors: Zoghlami, N., Riahi, L., Laucou, V., Lacombe, T., Mliki, A., Ghorbel, A., This, P.
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description Ten SSR loci, previously developed for grapevine, were analyzed to evaluate the genetic variability, cultivar relatedness, and parentage in a collection of 61 autochthonous Vitis vinifera cultivars from Tunisia. The number of alleles per locus ranged from 6 to 11, while the number of genotype patterns varied between 10 and 21. The expected heterozygosity varied between 0.621 and 0.855 and the observed heterozygosity was higher than 0.9 at 4 loci (VVMD28, VVMD5, VVIP31 and VVS2) indicating that the SSRs were highly informative. Cluster analysis using unweighted pair group method with arithmetic averaging (UPGMA) suggested 14 groups among studied cultivars and 53 grapevine denominations out of 61 were unequivocally distinguished, with all accessions showing at least one-specific combination of alleles. On the other hand, in order to overcome the existing confusion in Tunisian grapevine nomenclature, of the analyzed homonymous pairs of cultivars, only ‘Balta 2’ and ‘Balta 3’ have shown identical allelic profiles, consistent with their being the same genotype. Hence, nomenclature distinction is meaningless and only one denomination should be retained. Due to the high overall power of exclusion ( Q) (greater than 99.99%) and to the absence of null alleles, the set of microsatellite loci used is appropriate to determine parentage in Tunisian grapevines beyond any reasonable doubt. The analysis of fingerprints indicated that the Tunisian grape vines have evolved through out crossing between five possible parents: Balta 1, Beldi Baddar, Beldi Rafraf, Beldi Local Rafraf and Khedhiri 3.
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subjects Agricultural sciences
Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions
alleles
Biological and medical sciences
cultivar identification
cultivars
DNA fingerprinting
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Generalities. Genetics. Plant material
Genetic diversity
genetic markers
Genetic resources, diversity
genetic variation
Genetics and breeding of economic plants
genotype
grapes
heterozygosity
Homonymy
Horticulture
landraces
Life Sciences
loci
microsatellite repeats
molecular sequence data
Parentage
Plant material
SSRs
Tunisian grapes
UPGMA clustering
Vitis vinifera
title Origin and genetic diversity of Tunisian grapes as revealed by microsatellite markers
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