Antimicrobial proteins in chicken reproductive system

• Published in: Biochemical and biophysical research communications 2006-02, Vol.340 (2), p.648-655
• Main Authors: Silphaduang, Umaporn, Hincke, Maxwell T., Nys, Yves, Mine, Yoshinori
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Anti-Bacterial Agents - isolation & purification; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Anti-Bacterial Agents - pharmacology; Antimicrobial proteins; Avian Proteins - chemistry; Avian Proteins - isolation & purification; Avian Proteins - metabolism; Avian Proteins - pharmacology; Bacillus subtilis - drug effects; Bacillus subtilis - growth & development; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Chicken; Chickens; Escherichia coli - drug effects; Escherichia coli - growth & development; Female; Gallus gallus; Histones; Histones - biosynthesis; Histones - isolation & purification; Histones - pharmacology; Life Sciences; Mass Spectrometry; Microbial Sensitivity Tests; Molecular Weight; Ovary; Ovary - chemistry; Ovary - metabolism; Oviduct; Oviducts - chemistry; Oviducts - metabolism; Reproductive system; Tissue Extracts - chemistry; Tissue Extracts - metabolism; Tissue Extracts - pharmacology
• ISSN: 0006-291X; 1090-2104
• DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2005.12.054

Antimicrobial activity was detected in the ovary and oviduct tissues of healthy mature White Leghorn hens, Gallus gallus. Two antimicrobial proteins were purified to homogeneity using acid extraction followed by multiple steps of chromatography and the pure proteins were further characterized biochemically. Peptide mixtures obtained after enzymatic digestion of the chicken antimicrobial proteins were analyzed using peptide mass fingerprinting and partial sequencing by tandem nanoelectrospray mass spectrometry and the proteins were identified as histones H1 and H2B. Chicken histone antimicrobial proteins were active against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria. The abundance of these proteins in the reproductive tissues and their broad-spectrum antimicrobial nature may indicate their defensive role against pathogens during the follicle development in the ovary and egg formation in the oviduct. The discovery of antimicrobial histones in chicken reproductive system provides further evidence that histones may play a role in innate immunity against microorganisms in a wide range of animal species.