Immunomodulation by heavy metals tested individually or in mixtures in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) exposed in vivo

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heavy metals, at environmentally relevant concentrations, on the immune response of rainbow trout. Trout were exposed for 30 d to cadmium chloride (CdCl2), mercuric chloride (HgCl2), or zinc chloride (ZnCl2) either individually or in combinat...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Environmental toxicology and chemistry 1999-07, Vol.18 (7), p.1492-1497
Main Authors: Sanchez-Dardon, Jaime, Voccia, Isabelle, Hontela, Alice, Chilmonczyk, Stefan, Dunier, Muriel, Boermans, Herman, Blakley, Barry, Fournier, Michel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agnatha. Pisces
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Applied ecology
Biological and medical sciences
cadmium chloride
Cytometry
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on vertebrates
Freshwater
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Heavy metals
Immune response
Life Sciences
mercuric chloride
Oncorhynchus mykiss
Rainbow trout
zinc chloride
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Summary:The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of heavy metals, at environmentally relevant concentrations, on the immune response of rainbow trout. Trout were exposed for 30 d to cadmium chloride (CdCl2), mercuric chloride (HgCl2), or zinc chloride (ZnCl2) either individually or in combinations: CdCl2/HgCl2, CdCl2/ZnCl2, HgCl2/ZnCl2, or CdCl2/HgCl2/ZnCl2. Following the 30‐d exposure, parameters of the nonspecific cellular immune response (phagocytosis, respiratory burst, and lymphoblastic proliferation) and of the nonspecific humoral immune response (lysozyme activity and the level of immunoglobulin) were measured. The results obtained indicate that individually, all three metals tested induce significant immunomodulations. However, the toxicity of mercury or cadmium is significantly reduced in fish simultaneously exposed to zinc, indicating that a protection is afforded by zinc against cadmium‐ and mercury‐induced immunotoxicity.
ISSN:0730-7268
1552-8618
DOI:10.1002/etc.5620180722