Preparation, characterization and biological test of 3D-scaffolds based on chitosan, fibroin and hydroxyapatite for bone tissue engineering

• Published in: Materials Science & Engineering C 2013-08, Vol.33 (6), p.3389-3395
• Main Authors: Lima, Paulo Autran Leite, Resende, Cristiane Xavier, de Almeida Soares, Glória Dulce, Anselme, Karine, Almeida, Luís Eduardo
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 3D-Scaffolds; Biocompatible Materials - chemical synthesis; Biocompatible Materials - chemistry; Biocompatible Materials - pharmacology; Bioengineering; Biological; Biomedical materials; Cell Culture Techniques - instrumentation; Cell Culture Techniques - methods; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line, Tumor; Cell Survival - drug effects; Chitosan; Chitosan - chemistry; Durapatite - chemistry; Fibroin; Fibroins - chemistry; Humans; Hydroxyapatite; Life Sciences; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; Osteogenesis; Porosity; SaOs-2 cells; Scaffolds; Silk fibroin; Surgical implants; Tissue Engineering; Tissue Scaffolds
• ISSN: 0928-4931; 1873-0191
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msec.2013.04.026

This work describes the preparation and characterization of porous 3D-scaffolds based on chitosan (CHI), chitosan/silk fibroin (CHI/SF) and chitosan/silk fibroin/hydroxyapatite (CHI/SF/HA) by freeze drying. The biomaterials were characterized by X-ray diffraction, attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, scanning electron microscopy and energy dispersive spectroscopy. In addition, studies of porosity, pore size, contact angle and biological response of SaOs-2osteoblastic cells were performed. The CHI scaffolds have a porosity of 94.2±0.9%, which is statistically higher than the one presented by CHI/SF/HA scaffolds, 89.7±2.6%. Although all scaffolds were able to promote adhesion, growth and maintenance of osteogenic differentiation of SaOs-2 cells, the new 3D-scaffold based on CHI/SF/HA showed a significantly higher cell growth at 7days and 21days and the level of alkaline phosphatase at 14 and 21days was statistically superior compared to other tested materials. •Preparation of 3D-scaffolds based on CHI, with or without addition of SF and HA.•Scaffolds exhibited interconnected porous structure (pore size superior to 50μm).•The tripolyphosphate did not induce any significant cytotoxic response.•The CHI/SF/HA composite showed a higher cell growth and ALP activity.