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Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks

Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 (131I) and cesium isotopes (137Cs and 134Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North...

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Published in:Environmental science & technology 2011-09, Vol.45 (18), p.7670-7677
Main Authors: Masson, O, Baeza, A, Bieringer, J, Brudecki, K, Bucci, S, Cappai, M, Carvalho, F.P, Connan, O, Cosma, C, Dalheimer, A, Didier, D, Depuydt, G, De Geer, L.E, De Vismes, A, Gini, L, Groppi, F, Gudnason, K, Gurriaran, R, Hainz, D, Halldórsson, Ó, Hammond, D, Hanley, O, Holeý, K, Homoki, Zs, Ioannidou, A, Isajenko, K, Jankovic, M, Katzlberger, C, Kettunen, M, Kierepko, R, Kontro, R, Kwakman, P.J.M, Lecomte, M, Leon Vintro, L, Leppänen, A.-P, Lind, B, Lujaniene, G, Mc Ginnity, P, Mahon, C. Mc, Malá, H, Manenti, S, Manolopoulou, M, Mattila, A, Mauring, A, Mietelski, J.W, Møller, B, Nielsen, S.P, Nikolic, J, Overwater, R.M.W, Pálsson, S. E, Papastefanou, C, Penev, I, Pham, M.K, Povinec, P.P, Ramebäck, H, Reis, M.C, Ringer, W, Rodriguez, A, Rulík, P, Saey, P.R.J, Samsonov, V, Schlosser, C, Sgorbati, G, Silobritiene, B. V, Söderström, C, Sogni, R, Solier, L, Sonck, M, Steinhauser, G, Steinkopff, T, Steinmann, P, Stoulos, S, Sýkora, I, Todorovic, D, Tooloutalaie, N, Tositti, L, Tschiersch, J, Ugron, A, Vagena, E, Vargas, A, Wershofen, H, Zhukova, O
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a471t-4cbf1f95f88ad021a927a7562d61fa3bdcff01a3a72cef6983ab30b8e1eb8bda3
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container_title Environmental science & technology
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creator Masson, O
Baeza, A
Bieringer, J
Brudecki, K
Bucci, S
Cappai, M
Carvalho, F.P
Connan, O
Cosma, C
Dalheimer, A
Didier, D
Depuydt, G
De Geer, L.E
De Vismes, A
Gini, L
Groppi, F
Gudnason, K
Gurriaran, R
Hainz, D
Halldórsson, Ó
Hammond, D
Hanley, O
Holeý, K
Homoki, Zs
Ioannidou, A
Isajenko, K
Jankovic, M
Katzlberger, C
Kettunen, M
Kierepko, R
Kontro, R
Kwakman, P.J.M
Lecomte, M
Leon Vintro, L
Leppänen, A.-P
Lind, B
Lujaniene, G
Mc Ginnity, P
Mahon, C. Mc
Malá, H
Manenti, S
Manolopoulou, M
Mattila, A
Mauring, A
Mietelski, J.W
Møller, B
Nielsen, S.P
Nikolic, J
Overwater, R.M.W
Pálsson, S. E
Papastefanou, C
Penev, I
Pham, M.K
Povinec, P.P
Ramebäck, H
Reis, M.C
Ringer, W
Rodriguez, A
Rulík, P
Saey, P.R.J
Samsonov, V
Schlosser, C
Sgorbati, G
Silobritiene, B. V
Söderström, C
Sogni, R
Solier, L
Sonck, M
Steinhauser, G
Steinkopff, T
Steinmann, P
Stoulos, S
Sýkora, I
Todorovic, D
Tooloutalaie, N
Tositti, L
Tschiersch, J
Ugron, A
Vagena, E
Vargas, A
Wershofen, H
Zhukova, O
description Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 (131I) and cesium isotopes (137Cs and 134Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North American continent and reached Europe despite dispersion and washout along the route of the contaminated air masses. In Europe, the first signs of the releases were detected 7 days later while the first peak of activity level was observed between March 28th and March 30th. Time variations over a 20-day period and spatial variations across more than 150 sampling locations in Europe made it possible to characterize the contaminated air masses. After the Chernobyl accident, only a few measurements of the gaseous 131I fraction were conducted compared to the number of measurements for the particulate fraction. Several studies had already pointed out the importance of the gaseous 131I and the large underestimation of the total 131I airborne activity level, and subsequent calculations of inhalation dose, if neglected. The measurements made across Europe following the releases from the Fukushima NPP reactors have provided a significant amount of new data on the ratio of the gaseous 131I fraction to total 131I, both on a spatial scale and its temporal variation. It can be pointed out that during the Fukushima event, the 134Cs to 137Cs ratio proved to be different from that observed after the Chernobyl accident. The data set provided in this paper is the most comprehensive survey of the main relevant airborne radionuclides from the Fukushima reactors, measured across Europe. A rough estimate of the total 131I inventory that has passed over Europe during this period was
doi_str_mv 10.1021/es2017158
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Mc ; Malá, H ; Manenti, S ; Manolopoulou, M ; Mattila, A ; Mauring, A ; Mietelski, J.W ; Møller, B ; Nielsen, S.P ; Nikolic, J ; Overwater, R.M.W ; Pálsson, S. E ; Papastefanou, C ; Penev, I ; Pham, M.K ; Povinec, P.P ; Ramebäck, H ; Reis, M.C ; Ringer, W ; Rodriguez, A ; Rulík, P ; Saey, P.R.J ; Samsonov, V ; Schlosser, C ; Sgorbati, G ; Silobritiene, B. V ; Söderström, C ; Sogni, R ; Solier, L ; Sonck, M ; Steinhauser, G ; Steinkopff, T ; Steinmann, P ; Stoulos, S ; Sýkora, I ; Todorovic, D ; Tooloutalaie, N ; Tositti, L ; Tschiersch, J ; Ugron, A ; Vagena, E ; Vargas, A ; Wershofen, H ; Zhukova, O</creator><creatorcontrib>Masson, O ; Baeza, A ; Bieringer, J ; Brudecki, K ; Bucci, S ; Cappai, M ; Carvalho, F.P ; Connan, O ; Cosma, C ; Dalheimer, A ; Didier, D ; Depuydt, G ; De Geer, L.E ; De Vismes, A ; Gini, L ; Groppi, F ; Gudnason, K ; Gurriaran, R ; Hainz, D ; Halldórsson, Ó ; Hammond, D ; Hanley, O ; Holeý, K ; Homoki, Zs ; Ioannidou, A ; Isajenko, K ; Jankovic, M ; Katzlberger, C ; Kettunen, M ; Kierepko, R ; Kontro, R ; Kwakman, P.J.M ; Lecomte, M ; Leon Vintro, L ; Leppänen, A.-P ; Lind, B ; Lujaniene, G ; Mc Ginnity, P ; Mahon, C. Mc ; Malá, H ; Manenti, S ; Manolopoulou, M ; Mattila, A ; Mauring, A ; Mietelski, J.W ; Møller, B ; Nielsen, S.P ; Nikolic, J ; Overwater, R.M.W ; Pálsson, S. E ; Papastefanou, C ; Penev, I ; Pham, M.K ; Povinec, P.P ; Ramebäck, H ; Reis, M.C ; Ringer, W ; Rodriguez, A ; Rulík, P ; Saey, P.R.J ; Samsonov, V ; Schlosser, C ; Sgorbati, G ; Silobritiene, B. V ; Söderström, C ; Sogni, R ; Solier, L ; Sonck, M ; Steinhauser, G ; Steinkopff, T ; Steinmann, P ; Stoulos, S ; Sýkora, I ; Todorovic, D ; Tooloutalaie, N ; Tositti, L ; Tschiersch, J ; Ugron, A ; Vagena, E ; Vargas, A ; Wershofen, H ; Zhukova, O</creatorcontrib><description>Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 (131I) and cesium isotopes (137Cs and 134Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North American continent and reached Europe despite dispersion and washout along the route of the contaminated air masses. 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It can be pointed out that during the Fukushima event, the 134Cs to 137Cs ratio proved to be different from that observed after the Chernobyl accident. The data set provided in this paper is the most comprehensive survey of the main relevant airborne radionuclides from the Fukushima reactors, measured across Europe. A rough estimate of the total 131I inventory that has passed over Europe during this period was &lt;1% of the released amount. 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Sci. Technol</addtitle><description>Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 (131I) and cesium isotopes (137Cs and 134Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North American continent and reached Europe despite dispersion and washout along the route of the contaminated air masses. In Europe, the first signs of the releases were detected 7 days later while the first peak of activity level was observed between March 28th and March 30th. Time variations over a 20-day period and spatial variations across more than 150 sampling locations in Europe made it possible to characterize the contaminated air masses. After the Chernobyl accident, only a few measurements of the gaseous 131I fraction were conducted compared to the number of measurements for the particulate fraction. Several studies had already pointed out the importance of the gaseous 131I and the large underestimation of the total 131I airborne activity level, and subsequent calculations of inhalation dose, if neglected. The measurements made across Europe following the releases from the Fukushima NPP reactors have provided a significant amount of new data on the ratio of the gaseous 131I fraction to total 131I, both on a spatial scale and its temporal variation. It can be pointed out that during the Fukushima event, the 134Cs to 137Cs ratio proved to be different from that observed after the Chernobyl accident. The data set provided in this paper is the most comprehensive survey of the main relevant airborne radionuclides from the Fukushima reactors, measured across Europe. A rough estimate of the total 131I inventory that has passed over Europe during this period was &lt;1% of the released amount. 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Mc ; Malá, H ; Manenti, S ; Manolopoulou, M ; Mattila, A ; Mauring, A ; Mietelski, J.W ; Møller, B ; Nielsen, S.P ; Nikolic, J ; Overwater, R.M.W ; Pálsson, S. E ; Papastefanou, C ; Penev, I ; Pham, M.K ; Povinec, P.P ; Ramebäck, H ; Reis, M.C ; Ringer, W ; Rodriguez, A ; Rulík, P ; Saey, P.R.J ; Samsonov, V ; Schlosser, C ; Sgorbati, G ; Silobritiene, B. V ; Söderström, C ; Sogni, R ; Solier, L ; Sonck, M ; Steinhauser, G ; Steinkopff, T ; Steinmann, P ; Stoulos, S ; Sýkora, I ; Todorovic, D ; Tooloutalaie, N ; Tositti, L ; Tschiersch, J ; Ugron, A ; Vagena, E ; Vargas, A ; Wershofen, H ; Zhukova, O</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-a471t-4cbf1f95f88ad021a927a7562d61fa3bdcff01a3a72cef6983ab30b8e1eb8bda3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2011</creationdate><topic>Air Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis</topic><topic>Airborne particulates</topic><topic>Applied sciences</topic><topic>Atmospheric pollution</topic><topic>Cesium Radioisotopes - analysis</topic><topic>Characterization of Natural and Affected Environments</topic><topic>Dispersion</topic><topic>Environmental science</topic><topic>Environmental Sciences</topic><topic>Europe</topic><topic>Exact sciences and technology</topic><topic>Iodine Radioisotopes - analysis</topic><topic>Japan</topic><topic>Nuclear Power Plants</topic><topic>Nuclear reactors</topic><topic>Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution</topic><topic>Pollution</topic><topic>Radiation Monitoring</topic><topic>Radioactive Hazard Release</topic><topic>Radioisotopes</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Masson, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Baeza, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bieringer, J</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Brudecki, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bucci, S</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cappai, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Carvalho, F.P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Connan, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Cosma, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dalheimer, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Didier, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Depuydt, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Geer, L.E</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Vismes, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gini, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Groppi, F</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gudnason, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gurriaran, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hainz, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Halldórsson, Ó</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hammond, D</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hanley, O</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Holeý, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Homoki, Zs</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ioannidou, A</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Isajenko, K</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jankovic, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Katzlberger, C</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kettunen, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kierepko, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kontro, R</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Kwakman, P.J.M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lecomte, M</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leon Vintro, L</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leppänen, A.-P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lind, B</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lujaniene, G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mc Ginnity, P</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Mahon, C. 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Mc</au><au>Malá, H</au><au>Manenti, S</au><au>Manolopoulou, M</au><au>Mattila, A</au><au>Mauring, A</au><au>Mietelski, J.W</au><au>Møller, B</au><au>Nielsen, S.P</au><au>Nikolic, J</au><au>Overwater, R.M.W</au><au>Pálsson, S. E</au><au>Papastefanou, C</au><au>Penev, I</au><au>Pham, M.K</au><au>Povinec, P.P</au><au>Ramebäck, H</au><au>Reis, M.C</au><au>Ringer, W</au><au>Rodriguez, A</au><au>Rulík, P</au><au>Saey, P.R.J</au><au>Samsonov, V</au><au>Schlosser, C</au><au>Sgorbati, G</au><au>Silobritiene, B. V</au><au>Söderström, C</au><au>Sogni, R</au><au>Solier, L</au><au>Sonck, M</au><au>Steinhauser, G</au><au>Steinkopff, T</au><au>Steinmann, P</au><au>Stoulos, S</au><au>Sýkora, I</au><au>Todorovic, D</au><au>Tooloutalaie, N</au><au>Tositti, L</au><au>Tschiersch, J</au><au>Ugron, A</au><au>Vagena, E</au><au>Vargas, A</au><au>Wershofen, H</au><au>Zhukova, O</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks</atitle><jtitle>Environmental science &amp; technology</jtitle><addtitle>Environ. Sci. Technol</addtitle><date>2011-09-15</date><risdate>2011</risdate><volume>45</volume><issue>18</issue><spage>7670</spage><epage>7677</epage><pages>7670-7677</pages><issn>0013-936X</issn><eissn>1520-5851</eissn><coden>ESTHAG</coden><abstract>Radioactive emissions into the atmosphere from the damaged reactors of the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant (NPP) started on March 12th, 2011. Among the various radionuclides released, iodine-131 (131I) and cesium isotopes (137Cs and 134Cs) were transported across the Pacific toward the North American continent and reached Europe despite dispersion and washout along the route of the contaminated air masses. In Europe, the first signs of the releases were detected 7 days later while the first peak of activity level was observed between March 28th and March 30th. Time variations over a 20-day period and spatial variations across more than 150 sampling locations in Europe made it possible to characterize the contaminated air masses. After the Chernobyl accident, only a few measurements of the gaseous 131I fraction were conducted compared to the number of measurements for the particulate fraction. Several studies had already pointed out the importance of the gaseous 131I and the large underestimation of the total 131I airborne activity level, and subsequent calculations of inhalation dose, if neglected. The measurements made across Europe following the releases from the Fukushima NPP reactors have provided a significant amount of new data on the ratio of the gaseous 131I fraction to total 131I, both on a spatial scale and its temporal variation. It can be pointed out that during the Fukushima event, the 134Cs to 137Cs ratio proved to be different from that observed after the Chernobyl accident. The data set provided in this paper is the most comprehensive survey of the main relevant airborne radionuclides from the Fukushima reactors, measured across Europe. A rough estimate of the total 131I inventory that has passed over Europe during this period was &lt;1% of the released amount. According to the measurements, airborne activity levels remain of no concern for public health in Europe.</abstract><cop>Washington, DC</cop><pub>American Chemical Society</pub><pmid>21809844</pmid><doi>10.1021/es2017158</doi><tpages>8</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6209-6114</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0009-0009-4299-6786</orcidid></addata></record>
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subjects Air Pollutants, Radioactive - analysis
Airborne particulates
Applied sciences
Atmospheric pollution
Cesium Radioisotopes - analysis
Characterization of Natural and Affected Environments
Dispersion
Environmental science
Environmental Sciences
Europe
Exact sciences and technology
Iodine Radioisotopes - analysis
Japan
Nuclear Power Plants
Nuclear reactors
Pollutants physicochemistry study: properties, effects, reactions, transport and distribution
Pollution
Radiation Monitoring
Radioactive Hazard Release
Radioisotopes
title Tracking of Airborne Radionuclides from the Damaged Fukushima Dai-Ichi Nuclear Reactors by European Networks
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