Multicatalytic Hybrid Materials for Biocatalytic and Chemoenzymatic Cascades—Strategies for Multicatalyst (Enzyme) Co-Immobilization

• Published in: Catalysts 2021-08, Vol.11 (8), p.936
• Main Authors: Júnior, Aldo Araújo da Trindade, Ladeira, Yan Ferraz Ximenes, França, Alexandre da Silva, Souza, Rodrigo Octavio Mendonça Alves de, Moraes, Adolfo Henrique, Wojcieszak, Robert, Itabaiana, Ivaldo, Miranda, Amanda Silva de
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption; Binding sites; Biocatalysts; Cascades; Catalysts; Catalytic activity; Chemical reactions; Chemical Sciences; Enzymes; Fine chemicals; Immobilization; Industrial research; Membrane reactors; Methods; Organic chemistry; Proteins
• ISSN: 2073-4344; 2073-4344
• DOI: 10.3390/catal11080936

During recent decades, the use of enzymes or chemoenzymatic cascades for organic chemistry has gained much importance in fundamental and industrial research. Moreover, several enzymatic and chemoenzymatic reactions have also served in green and sustainable manufacturing processes especially in fine chemicals, pharmaceutical, and flavor/fragrance industries. Unfortunately, only a few processes have been applied at industrial scale because of the low stabilities of enzymes along with the problematic processes of their recovery and reuse. Immobilization and co-immobilization offer an ideal solution to these problems. This review gives an overview of all the pathways for enzyme immobilization and their use in integrated enzymatic and chemoenzymatic processes in cascade or in a one-pot concomitant execution. We place emphasis on the factors that must be considered to understand the process of immobilization. A better understanding of this fundamental process is an essential tool not only in the choice of the best route of immobilization but also in the understanding of their catalytic activity.