XPC multifaceted roles beyond DNA damage repair: p53-dependent and p53-independent functions of XPC in cell fate decisions

Xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein (XPC) acts as a DNA damage recognition factor for bulky adducts and as an initiator of global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Novel insights have shown that the role of XPC is not limited to NER, but is also implicated in DNA damage response (DDR), a...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mutation research. Reviews in mutation research 2022-01, Vol.789, p.108400-108400, Article 108400
Main Authors: Zebian, Abir, El-Dor, Maya, Shaito, Abdullah, Mazurier, Frédéric, Rezvani, Hamid Reza, Zibara, Kazem
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cell fate
DNA - metabolism
DNA Damage - genetics
DNA damage response
DNA repair
DNA Repair - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - genetics
DNA-Binding Proteins - metabolism
Genetics
Humans
Life Sciences
Neoplasms - genetics
p53
Tumor suppressor
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - genetics
Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 - metabolism
XPC
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Summary:Xeroderma pigmentosum group C protein (XPC) acts as a DNA damage recognition factor for bulky adducts and as an initiator of global genome nucleotide excision repair (GG-NER). Novel insights have shown that the role of XPC is not limited to NER, but is also implicated in DNA damage response (DDR), as well as in cell fate decisions upon stress. Moreover, XPC has a proteolytic role through its interaction with p53 and casp-2S. XPC is also able to determine cellular outcomes through its interaction with downstream proteins, such as p21, ARF, and p16. XPC interactions with effector proteins may drive cells to various fates such as apoptosis, senescence, or tumorigenesis. In this review, we explore XPC’s involvement in different molecular pathways in the cell and suggest that XPC can be considered not only as a genomic caretaker and gatekeeper but also as a tumor suppressor and cellular-fate decision maker. These findings envisage that resistance to cell death, induced by DNA-damaging therapeutics, in highly prevalent P53-deficent tumors might be overcome through new therapeutic approaches that aim to activate XPC in these tumors. Moreover, this review encourages care providers to consider XPC status in cancer patients before chemotherapy in order to improve the chances of successful treatment and enhance patients’ survival.
ISSN:1383-5742
1388-2139
DOI:10.1016/j.mrrev.2021.108400