The intestinal virome: lessons from animal models

Mucosal surfaces in contact with the environment host specific microbiota. The intestinal tract harbours the most abundant and diverse bacterial and viral populations interacting with each other as well as with the host. Viruses of the microbiota are important components of this ecosystem, as shown...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current opinion in virology 2021-12, Vol.51, p.141-148
Main Authors: Chaffringeon, Lorenzo, Lamy-Besnier, Quentin, Debarbieux, Laurent, De Sordi, Luisa
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Disease Models, Animal
Host Microbial Interactions
Humans
Intestines - virology
Life Sciences
Microbiology and Parasitology
Models, Animal
Virology
Virome
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Summary:Mucosal surfaces in contact with the environment host specific microbiota. The intestinal tract harbours the most abundant and diverse bacterial and viral populations interacting with each other as well as with the host. Viruses of the microbiota are important components of this ecosystem, as shown by viral alterations associated with various pathologies. However, practical and ethical constraints limit functional studies of the virome in humans, making animal models invaluable experimental tools to understand its impact on intestinal physiology. In this review, we present the recent advances in the study of virome in animal models. We focus on the strategies used to characterise viral changes in disease models and approaches to modulate the microbiota using viruses. In reviewing the interplay between viruses, bacteria, and the animal host, we highlight the potential and limitations of these models in elucidating the role of the virome in determining human health and disease.
ISSN:1879-6257
1879-6265
DOI:10.1016/j.coviro.2021.09.016