Cardiac Effects of BRAF and MEK Inhibitors: Mechanisms and Clinical Management

Purpose of Review The identification of BRAF mutation prompted the development of new class of targeted therapy for treating melanoma: BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors. Cardiovascular events have been reported with these treatments and could counterbalance their long-term maintenance. Recent Findi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current oncology reports 2022-03, Vol.24 (3), p.265-271
Main Authors: Courand, Pierre-Yves, Berger, Mathilde, Bouali, Anissa, Harbaoui, Brahim, Lantelme, Pierre, Dalle, Stéphane
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Cardio-oncology (JN Upshaw
Heart
Humans
Life Sciences
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
MEK inhibitors
Melanoma
Melanoma - drug therapy
Melanoma - genetics
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases - genetics
Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases - therapeutic use
Mutation
Oncology
Patients
Protein Kinase Inhibitors - adverse effects
Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf - genetics
Section Editor
Skin Neoplasms - genetics
Topical Collection on Cardio-oncology
Toxicity
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Summary:Purpose of Review The identification of BRAF mutation prompted the development of new class of targeted therapy for treating melanoma: BRAF inhibitors and MEK inhibitors. Cardiovascular events have been reported with these treatments and could counterbalance their long-term maintenance. Recent Findings LVEF decrease due to BRAF and MEK inhibitors appears fairly common (10%) but usually not severe, without impact on patient outcomes. To date, no treatment options have been tested to prevent or to treat a decrease of LVEF associated with BRAF and MEK inhibitors. QTc prolongation was observed in 3% and arterial hypertension in 20% during treatment but only one-third of cases required a therapeutic change. Summary BRAF and MEK inhibitors have revolutionized the management and the prognosis of melanoma patients. Cardio-oncology units may be useful for a better care of potential cardiac toxicity and particularly to inappropriately avoid discontinuing BRAF and MEK inhibitors.
ISSN:1523-3790
1534-6269
DOI:10.1007/s11912-022-01205-3