Sodium flux during hemodialysis and hemodiafiltration treatment of acute kidney injury: Effects of dialysate and infusate sodium concentration at 140 and 145 mmol/L

• Published in: Artificial organs 2023-06, Vol.47 (6), p.999-1006
• Main Authors: Buzancais, Aurèle, Brunot, Vincent, Larcher, Romaric, Tudesq, Jean‐Jacques, Platon, Laura, Besnard, Noémie, Amalric, Matthieu, Daubin, Delphine, Corne, Philippe, Moulaire, Valérie, Jung, Boris, Canaud, Bernard, Cristol, Jean‐Paul, Klouche, Kada
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: acute kidney injury; Acute Kidney Injury - therapy; Dialysis Solutions - adverse effects; fluid volume balance; hemodiafiltration; Hemodiafiltration - adverse effects; hemodialysis; Humans; ionic dialysance; Kidney Failure, Chronic - therapy; Life Sciences; Renal Dialysis - adverse effects; Sodium; sodium flux; sodium mass removal
• ISSN: 0160-564X; 1525-1594
• DOI: 10.1111/aor.14487

Background A higher sodium (Na) dialysate concentration is recommended during renal replacement therapy (RRT) of acute kidney injury (AKI) to improve intradialytic hemodynamic tolerance, but it may lead to Na loading to the patient. We aimed to evaluate Na flux according to Na dialysate and infusate concentrations at 140 and 145 mmol/L during hemodialysis (HD) and hemodiafiltration (HDF). Methods Fourteen AKI patients that underwent consecutive HD or HDF sessions with Na dialysate/infusate at 140 and 145 mmol/L were included. Per‐dialytic flux of Na was estimated using mean sodium logarithmic concentration including diffusive and convective influx. We compared the flux of sodium between HD140 and 145, and between HDF140 and 145. Results Nine HD140, ten HDF140, nine HD145, and 11 HDF145 sessions were analyzed. A Na gradient from the dialysate/replacement fluid to the patient was observed with dialysate/infusate Na at 145 mmol/L in both HD and HDF (p = 0.01). The comparison of HD145 to HD140 showed that higher Na dialysate induced a diffusive Na gradient to the patient (163 mmol vs. −25 mmol, p = 0.004) and that of HDF145 to −140 (211 vs. 36 mmol, p = 0.03) as well. Intradialytic hemodynamic tolerance was similar across all RRT sessions. Conclusions During both HD and HDF, a substantial Na loading occurred with a Na dialysate and infusate at 145 mmol/L. This Na loading is smaller in HDF with Na dialysate and infusate concentration at 140 mmol/L and inversed with HD140. Clinical and intradialytic hemodynamic tolerance was fair regardless of Na dialysate and infusate. Clinical and intradialytic hemodynamic tolerance was fair regardless of Na dialysate and infusate. However, both intermittent HD and HDF with a Na dialysate and infusate set at 145 mmol/L will induce a Na overload to the patient.