Fabrication of Efficient Single‐Emitter Plasmonic Patch Antennas by Deterministic In Situ Optical Lithography using Spatially Modulated Light

Single‐emitter plasmonic patch antennas are room‐temperature deterministic single‐photon sources, which exhibit highly accelerated and directed single‐photon emission. However, for efficient operation these structures require 3D nanoscale deterministic control of emitter positioning within the devic...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced materials (Weinheim) 2022-03, Vol.34 (11), p.e2108120-n/a
Main Authors: Dhawan, Amit R., Nasilowski, Michel, Wang, Zhiming, Dubertret, Benoît, Maître, Agnès
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
absorption cross‐section
Emission analysis
Emissions control
Emitters
Lithography
Materials science
nanofabrication
Patch antennas
Photon emission
photonics
Photons
Physics
Plasmonics
Quantum dots
quantum optics
single photons
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Summary:Single‐emitter plasmonic patch antennas are room‐temperature deterministic single‐photon sources, which exhibit highly accelerated and directed single‐photon emission. However, for efficient operation these structures require 3D nanoscale deterministic control of emitter positioning within the device, which is a demanding task, especially when emitter damage during fabrication is a major concern. To overcome this limitation, the deterministic room‐temperature in situ optical lithography protocol uses spatially modulated light to position a plasmonic structure nondestructively on any selected single‐emitter with 3D nanoscale control. Herein, the emission statistics of such plasmonic antennas that embed a deterministically positioned single colloidal CdSe/CdS quantum dot, which highlight acceleration and brightness of emission, are analyzed. It is demonstrated that the presented antenna induces a 1000‐fold effective increase in the absorption cross‐section, and, under high pumping, these antennas show nonlinearly enhanced emission. A new technique of direct laser etching using spatially modulated light permits deterministic and controlled positioning of single‐emitters inside photonic structures, such as patch nanoantennas, while preventing any emitter photodegradation. The optical properties of the fabricated antennas are investigated; high brightness and very large increase of absorption cross‐section are demonstrated.
ISSN:0935-9648
1521-4095
DOI:10.1002/adma.202108120