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The Physics of Indirect Estimators of Lyman Continuum Escape and their Application to High-Redshift JWST Galaxies

ABSTRACT Reliable indirect diagnostics of LyC photon escape from galaxies are required to understand which sources were the dominant contributors to reionization. While multiple LyC escape fraction (fesc) indicators have been proposed to trace favourable conditions for LyC leakage from the interstel...

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Published in:Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 2024-03, Vol.529 (4), p.3751-3767
Main Authors: Choustikov, Nicholas, Katz, Harley, Saxena, Aayush, Cameron, Alex J, Devriendt, Julien, Slyz, Adrianne, Rosdahl, Joki, Blaizot, Jeremy, Michel-Dansac, Leo
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cited_by cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c343t-c55a89521c6c60cae578472ce147168cd11f490ccb410e6ff9a0167e93712ea33
cites cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c343t-c55a89521c6c60cae578472ce147168cd11f490ccb410e6ff9a0167e93712ea33
container_end_page 3767
container_issue 4
container_start_page 3751
container_title Monthly notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
container_volume 529
creator Choustikov, Nicholas
Katz, Harley
Saxena, Aayush
Cameron, Alex J
Devriendt, Julien
Slyz, Adrianne
Rosdahl, Joki
Blaizot, Jeremy
Michel-Dansac, Leo
description ABSTRACT Reliable indirect diagnostics of LyC photon escape from galaxies are required to understand which sources were the dominant contributors to reionization. While multiple LyC escape fraction (fesc) indicators have been proposed to trace favourable conditions for LyC leakage from the interstellar medium of low-redshift ‘analogue’ galaxies, it remains unclear whether these are applicable at high redshifts where LyC emission cannot be directly observed. Using a library of 14 120 mock spectra of star-forming galaxies with redshifts 4.64 ≤ z ≤ 10 from the SPHINX20 cosmological radiation hydrodynamics simulation, we develop a framework for the physics that leads to high fesc. We investigate LyC leakage from our galaxies based on the criteria that successful LyC escape diagnostics must (i) track a high-specific star formation rate, (ii) be sensitive to stellar population age in the range 3.5–10 Myr representing the times when supernova first explode to when LyC production significantly drops, and (iii) include a proxy for neutral gas content and gas density in the interstellar medium. O32, ΣSFR, MUV, and H β equivalent width select for one or fewer of our criteria, rendering them either necessary but insufficient or generally poor diagnostics. In contrast, UV slope (β), and E(B − V) match two or more of our criteria, rendering them good fesc diagnostics (albeit with significant scatter). Using our library, we build a quantitative model for predicting fesc based on direct observables. When applied to bright z > 6 Ly α emitters observed with JWST, we find that the majority of them have $f_{\rm esc} \lesssim 10~{{\ \rm per\ cent}}$.
doi_str_mv 10.1093/mnras/stae776
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Physics
title The Physics of Indirect Estimators of Lyman Continuum Escape and their Application to High-Redshift JWST Galaxies
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