Premières observations sur la morphologie et les processus sédimentaires récents de l’Éventail celtique

• Published in: Oceanologica acta 2000-01, Vol.23 (1), p.109-116
• Main Authors: Auffret, Gérard, Zaragosi, Sebastien, Voisset, Michel, Droz, Laurence, Loubrieu, Benoı̂t, Pelleau, Pascal, Savoye, Bruno, Bourillet, Jean-François, Baltzer, Agnès, Bourquin, Sylvie, Dennielou, Bernard, Coutelle, Alain, Weber, Nicolas, Floch, Gilbert
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Environmental Sciences
• ISSN: 0399-1784; 1878-4143
• DOI: 10.1016/s0399-1784(00)00116-x

First observations on the morphology and recent sedimentary processes of the Celtic Deep Sea Fan. During the SEDIFAN 1 cruise we surveyed the bathymetry and the acoustic properties of the surface sediment of the Celtic Deep Sea Fan. We also collected Küllenberg cores in order to study recent sedimentary processes. From the bathymetry survey it is relatively easy to recognize the main areas of modern fan. The upper fan included a large sedimentary ridge which constitutes the right levee of the prominent meandering Whittard valley. After its confluence with the Shamrock valley the course of the Whittard valley is abruptly deflected to the south. At a short distance to the south the valley divides into two upper-fan channels, the Celtic channel to the west being the deeper one. This point constitutes the centre of a radiating pattern which is developed on a 150° quadrant and a radius of about 100 km. The acoustic imagery displays contrasted features, related to change in lithology within the first metre beneath the sea bottom and to the sea floor roughness. The Austell ridge exhibits a contrasted pattern of elongated areas with high and low acoustic backscattering levels. This pattern is related to the development of abyssal dunes, the amplitude of which is of metric order. Particularly remarkable is a lobe-shaped low back-scattering area in the western part of the middle fan, also noteworthy are a lineated facies to the west and a braided facies to the east of the fan. The laminated silty-clayey sequences deposited on the Whittard ridge and on the Trevelyan levee were deposited during the deglaciation. We interpret these as turbidity currents overflow deposits from the Whittard valley. At the end of isotopic stage 3 and during stage 2, the English Channel was a large plain flooded by the Channel River. During this period a broad delta developed at 100 m below the present-day depth and a wide spectrum of material was bound to be supplied to the deep sea and contributed particularly to the deposition of the Whittard ridge silty-clayey sequences. The stage 2 deposits are characterized by rhythmic levels enriched in monosulfides. These types of deposits are common in areas affected by fluvial discharges. Excluding the sedimentary ridge and the channel levees the surface deposits sampled with the Küllenberg corer are sandy. These sands are deposited in various contexts on the interfluve between the western and eastern channels and at channel mouths. They were emp