Geographical patterns of adaptation within a species’ range: interactions between drift and gene flow

We use individual‐based stochastic simulations and analytical deterministic predictions to investigate the interaction between drift, natural selection and gene flow on the patterns of local adaptation across a fragmented species’ range under clinally varying selection. Migration between populations...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of evolutionary biology 2006-01, Vol.19 (1), p.203-215
Main Authors: ALLEAUME‐BENHARIRA, M., PEN, I. R., RONCE, O.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adaptation, Biological
Animal migration
Animal populations
Biodiversity and Ecology
Computer Simulation
Conservation of Natural Resources - methods
domain_sde.be.gp
Environmental Sciences
Genes
Genetic Drift
Genetics, Population
Geography
local adaptation
migration
Models, Genetic
Mutation
phenotypic clines
Population Density
Population Dynamics
Selection, Genetic
species’ range
Stochastic models
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Summary:We use individual‐based stochastic simulations and analytical deterministic predictions to investigate the interaction between drift, natural selection and gene flow on the patterns of local adaptation across a fragmented species’ range under clinally varying selection. Migration between populations follows a stepping‐stone pattern and density decreases from the centre to the periphery of the range. Increased migration worsens gene swamping in small marginal populations but mitigates the effect of drift by replenishing genetic variance and helping purge deleterious mutations. Contrary to the deterministic prediction that increased connectivity within the range always inhibits local adaptation, simulations show that low intermediate migration rates improve fitness in marginal populations and attenuate fitness heterogeneity across the range. Such migration rates are optimal in that they maximize the total mean fitness at the scale of the range. Optimal migration rates increase with shallower environmental gradients, smaller marginal populations and higher mutation rates affecting fitness.
ISSN:1010-061X
1420-9101
DOI:10.1111/j.1420-9101.2005.00976.x