Pseudomonas protegens sp. nov., widespread plant-protecting bacteria producing the biocontrol compounds 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol and pyoluteorin

• Published in: Systematic and applied microbiology 2011-05, Vol.34 (3), p.180-188
• Main Authors: Ramette, Alban, Frapolli, Michele, Saux, Marion Fischer-Le, Gruffaz, C., Meyer, Jean-Marie, Défago, Geneviève, Sutra, Laurent, Moënne-Loccoz, Yvan
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2,4-Diacetylphloroglucinol; Anti-Bacterial Agents - metabolism; Antimicrobial agents; Bacterial Proteins - genetics; Bacteriology; Base Sequence; Biocontrol; Biodiversity and Ecology; Biological and medical sciences; Biological control; Cotton; Data processing; DNA Fingerprinting; DNA Gyrase - genetics; DNA topoisomerase; DNA, Bacterial - genetics; Environmental Sciences; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Genes, Bacterial - genetics; Gossypium - microbiology; Microbiology; Molecular Sequence Data; New species; Nicotiana - microbiology; Nucleic Acid Hybridization; Pest Control, Biological; Phenols - metabolism; Phenotype; Phloroglucinol - analogs & derivatives; Phloroglucinol - metabolism; Phylogeny; Plant diseases; Plant Diseases - microbiology; Plant Diseases - prevention & control; Plant Roots - microbiology; Polyphasic taxonomy; Pseudomonas; Pseudomonas - classification; Pseudomonas - genetics; Pseudomonas - metabolism; Pseudomonas protegens sp. nov; Pyoluteorin; Pyrroles - metabolism; RNA, Ribosomal, 16S - genetics; RpoB protein; rRNA 16S; Secondary metabolites; Sequence Analysis, DNA; Siderophores - classification; Soil Microbiology; Systematics; Taxonomy; Tobacco; Triticum - microbiology; Triticum aestivum
• ISSN: 0723-2020; 1618-0984
• DOI: 10.1016/j.syapm.2010.10.005

Fluorescent Pseudomonas strains producing the antimicrobial secondary metabolite 2,4-diacetylphloroglucinol (Phl) play a prominent role in the biocontrol of plant diseases. A subset of Phl-producing fluorescent Pseudomonas strains, which can additionally synthesize the antimicrobial compound pyoluteorin (Plt), appears to cluster separately from other fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. based on 16S rRNA gene analysis and shares at most 98.4% 16S rRNA gene sequence identity with any other Pseudomonas species. In this study, a polyphasic approach based on molecular and phenotypic methods was used to clarify the taxonomy of representative Phl + Plt + strains isolated from tobacco, cotton or wheat on different continents. Phl + Plt + strains clustered separately from their nearest phylogenetic neighbors (i.e. species from the ‘ P. syringae’, ‘ P. fluorescens’ and ‘ P. chlororaphis’ species complexes) based on rpoB, rpoD or gyrB phylogenies. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments clarified that Phl + Plt + strains formed a tight genomospecies that was distinct from P. syringae, P. fluorescens, or P. chlororaphis type strains. Within Phl + strains, the Phl + Plt + strains were differentiated from other biocontrol fluorescent Pseudomonas strains that produced Phl but not Plt, based on phenotypic and molecular data. Discriminative phenotypic characters were also identified by numerical taxonomic analysis and siderotyping. Altogether, this polyphasic approach supported the conclusion that Phl + Plt + fluorescent Pseudomonas strains belonged to a novel species for which the name Pseudomonas protegens is proposed, with CHA0 T (=CFBP 6595 T, =DSM 19095 T) as the type strain.