Interindividual variability in the cholesterol-lowering effect of supplementation with plant sterols or stanols

Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a causal role in atherosclerosis. One way to reduce LDL-C levels is to inhibit cholesterol absorption. Plant sterols and stanols compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestine and induce an average decrease in LDL-C by 5% to 15% in a dose-d...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Nutrition reviews 2017-02, Vol.75 (2), p.134-145
Main Authors: Fumeron, Frédéric, Bard, Jean-Marie, Lecerf, Jean-Michel
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Anticholesteremic Agents/administration & dosage
Apolipoproteins E/blood
Apolipoproteins E/genetics
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/blood
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 5/genetics
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/blood
ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 8/genetics
Cholesterol/blood
Diet
Dietary Supplements
Edible Grain/chemistry
Food and Nutrition
Fruit/chemistry
Humans
Life Sciences
Lipoproteins/blood
Lipoproteins/genetics
Membrane Proteins/blood
Membrane Proteins/genetics
Meta-Analysis as Topic
Nuts/chemistry
Phytosterols/administration & dosage
Plant Oils/chemistry
Polymorphism, Genetic
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
Sitosterols/administration & dosage
Vegetables/chemistry
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Summary:Low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) plays a causal role in atherosclerosis. One way to reduce LDL-C levels is to inhibit cholesterol absorption. Plant sterols and stanols compete with cholesterol for absorption in the intestine and induce an average decrease in LDL-C by 5% to 15% in a dose-dependent manner, but not in all individuals. This review focuses on the interindividual variability in response to dietary supplementation with plant sterols and stanols. Dietary plant sterols and stanols have no significant effects on LDL-C in substantial numbers of individuals. Higher responses, in absolute value and percentage of LDL-C, are observed in individuals with higher cholesterol absorption and a lower rate of cholesterol synthesis. Some data provide evidence of the influence of genetics on the response to plant sterols and stanols. Further studies in large populations are required to extend these conclusions about genetic influences.
ISSN:0029-6643
1753-4887
DOI:10.1093/nutrit/nuw059