Global Statistical Maps of Extreme-Event Magnetic Observatory 1 Min First Differences in Horizontal Intensity

Analysis is made of the long-term statistics of three different measures of ground level, storm time geomagnetic activity: instantaneous 1 min first differences in horizontal intensity (delta)Bh, the root-mean-square of 10 consecutive 1 min differences S, and the ramp change R over 10 min. Geomagnet...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Geophysical research letters 2016-05, Vol.43 (9), p.4126-4135
Main Authors: Love, Jeffrey J., Coïsson, Pierdavide, Pulkkinen, Antti
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Earth Sciences
Estimates
extreme events
Extreme values
Geomagnetic activity
Geomagnetic latitude
Geomagnetism
Ground level
Ground-based observation
Horizontal
Magnetic fields
magnetic storms
natural hazards
Observatories
Ramps
Sciences of the Universe
Space Sciences (General)
Space weather
Statistical analysis
statistical maps
Statistical methods
Storms
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Summary:Analysis is made of the long-term statistics of three different measures of ground level, storm time geomagnetic activity: instantaneous 1 min first differences in horizontal intensity (delta)Bh, the root-mean-square of 10 consecutive 1 min differences S, and the ramp change R over 10 min. Geomagnetic latitude maps of the cumulative exceedances of these three quantities are constructed, giving the threshold(nTmin) for which activity within a 24 h period can be expected to occur once per year, decade, and century. Specifically, at geomagnetic 55deg, we estimate once-per-century (delta)Bh, S, and R exceedances and a site-to-site,proportional, 1 standard deviation range [1(sigma), lower and upper] to be, respectively, 1000, [690, 1450]; 500,[350, 720]; and 200, [140, 280] nTmin. At 40deg, we estimate once-per-century (delta)Bh, S, and R exceedances and1(sigma) values to be 200, [140, 290]; 100, [70, 140]; and 40, [30, 60] nTmin.
ISSN:0094-8276
1944-8007
DOI:10.1002/2016GL068664