Cytochrome bd oxidase and nitric oxide: From reaction mechanisms to bacterial physiology

Experimental evidence suggests that the prokaryotic respiratory cytochrome bd quinol oxidase is responsible for both bioenergetic functions and bacterial adaptation to different stress conditions. The enzyme, phylogenetically unrelated to the extensively studied heme–copper terminal oxidases, is fou...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:FEBS letters 2012-03, Vol.586 (5), p.622-629
Main Authors: Giuffrè, Alessandro, Borisov, Vitaliy B., Mastronicola, Daniela, Sarti, Paolo, Forte, Elena
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
2,3-dimethoxy-5-methyl-6-(3-methyl-2-butenyl)-1,4-benzoquinone
Bacterial pathogen
Biocatalysis
Biochemistry, Molecular Biology
carbon monoxide
Catalytic intermediate
CcO
Cytochromes
Cytochromes - metabolism
dithiothreitol
DTT
Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins
Electron Transport Chain Complex Proteins - metabolism
Energy Metabolism
Energy Metabolism - physiology
Escherichia coli
Escherichia coli - enzymology
Escherichia coli - metabolism
Escherichia coli - physiology
Escherichia coli Proteins
Escherichia coli Proteins - metabolism
HCO
Hemeprotein
heme–copper oxidase
Life Sciences
mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase
Models, Biological
Nitric Oxide
Nitric Oxide - metabolism
Nitrosative stress
Oxidoreductases
Oxidoreductases - metabolism
Protein Subunits
Protein Subunits - metabolism
Respiratory chain
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Summary:Experimental evidence suggests that the prokaryotic respiratory cytochrome bd quinol oxidase is responsible for both bioenergetic functions and bacterial adaptation to different stress conditions. The enzyme, phylogenetically unrelated to the extensively studied heme–copper terminal oxidases, is found in many commensal and pathogenic bacteria. Here, we review current knowledge on the catalytic intermediates of cytochrome bd and their reactivity towards nitric oxide (NO). Available information is discussed in the light of the hypothesis that, owing to its high NO dissociation rate, cytochrome bd confers resistance to NO-stress, thereby providing a strategy for bacterial pathogens to evade the NO-mediated host immune attack.
ISSN:0014-5793
1873-3468
DOI:10.1016/j.febslet.2011.07.035