Partial characterization of an exopolysaccharide secreted by a marine bacterium, Vibrio neocaledonicus sp. nov., from New Caledonia

• Published in: Journal of applied microbiology 2013-06, Vol.114 (6), p.1702-1712
• Main Authors: Chalkiadakis, E., Dufourcq, R., Schmitt, S., Brandily, C., Kervarec, N., Coatanea, D., Amir, H., Loubersac, L., Chanteau, S., Guezennec, J., Dupont‐Rouzeyrol, M., Simon‐Colin, C.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Bacteria; Biochemistry, Molecular Biology; Biological and medical sciences; biopolymers; Biotechnology; Carbohydrates; Carbohydrates - analysis; exopolysaccharide; fermentation biotechnology; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; Hexosamines; Hexosamines - analysis; Life Sciences; Marine biology; Methods. Procedures. Technologies; Microbial engineering. Fermentation and microbial culture technology; Microbiology; New Caledonia; Phylogeny; Polysaccharides, Bacterial; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - chemistry; Polysaccharides, Bacterial - metabolism; Uronic Acids; Uronic Acids - analysis; Vibrio; Vibrio - classification; Vibrio - genetics; Vibrio - metabolism
• ISSN: 1364-5072; 1365-2672
• DOI: 10.1111/jam.12184

Aims Exopolysaccharides (EPS) are industrially valuable molecules with numerous useful properties. This study describes the techniques used for the identification of a novel Vibrio bacterium and preliminary characterization of its EPS. Methods and Results Bioprospection in marine intertidal areas of New Caledonia followed by screening for EPS producing brought to selection of the isolate NC470. Phylogenetic analysis (biochemical tests, gene sequencing and DNA–DNA relatedness) permitted to identify NC470 as a new member of the Vibrio genus. The EPS was produced in batch fermentation, purified using the ultrafiltration process and analysed by colorimetry, Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy, gas chromatography, Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and HPLC‐size exclusion chromatography. This EPS exhibits a high N‐acetyl‐hexosamines and uronic acid content with a low amount of neutral sugar. The molecular mass was 672 × 103 Da. These data are relevant for possible technological exploitation. Conclusions We propose the name Vibrio neocaledonicus sp. nov for this isolate NC470, producing an EPS with an unusual sugar composition. Comparison with other known polymers permitted to select applications for this polymer. Significance and Impact of the Study This study contributes to evaluate the marine biodiversity of New Caledonia. It also highlights the biotechnological potential of New Caledonia marine bacteria.