Simian Immunodeficiency Virus seroreactivity in inhabitants from rural Cameroon frequently in contact with non-human primates

Abstract Central African tropical forests are home to several species of non-human primates (NHPs), infected by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). It is well-known that HIV-1 epidemic is due to cross-transmission and adaptation of SIV to humans. The main goal of this work was to investigate if a N...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Virology (New York, N.Y.) N.Y.), 2017-03, Vol.503, p.76-82
Main Authors: Filippone, Claudia, de Oliveira, Fabienne, Betsem, Edouard, Schaeffer, Laura, Fontanet, Arnaud, Lemée, Veronique, Gessain, Antoine, Plantier, Jean-Christophe
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adolescent
Adult
Aged
Aged, 80 and over
Animals
Bite
Bites and Stings
Bites and Stings - epidemiology
Cameroon
Cameroon - epidemiology
Central Africa
Cercopithecus
Child
Child, Preschool
Cross-Sectional Studies
Cross-species transmission
Female
Gorilla gorilla
HIV
Human health and pathology
Humans
Infectious Disease
Infectious diseases
Life Sciences
Male
Microbiology and Parasitology
Middle Aged
Non-human primate
Pan troglodytes
Pygmies
Retroviridae Infections
Retroviridae Infections - epidemiology
Retroviridae Infections - transmission
Retroviridae Infections - virology
Risk Factors
Santé publique et épidémiologie
Seroreactivity
Simian foamy virus
Simian foamy virus - immunology
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus
Simian Immunodeficiency Virus - immunology
Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1
Simian T-lymphotropic virus 1 - immunology
SIV
Surveys and Questionnaires
Virology
Young Adult
Zoonoses
Zoonoses - epidemiology
Zoonoses - transmission
Zoonoses - virology
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Summary:Abstract Central African tropical forests are home to several species of non-human primates (NHPs), infected by Simian Immunodeficiency Virus (SIV). It is well-known that HIV-1 epidemic is due to cross-transmission and adaptation of SIV to humans. The main goal of this work was to investigate if a NHP bite is a risk factor for SIV acquisition. A cross-sectional study was performed in rural Cameroon on 246 bitten individuals (mostly by adult NHPs), matched, according to sex, age, and ethnicity (Bantus and Pygmies), with an equal number of not-bitten subjects. Following a serological assay for a wide range of SIVs, we observed a high level of indeterminate seroreactivity (25.8%) in the total population, whereas 68.9% were sero-negative and 5.3% HIV-1 positive. Bites do not appear to be a risk factor for SIV seroreactivity, in contrast to Simian Foamy Virus and Simian T-Lymphotropic Virus type 1 in the same studied population.
ISSN:0042-6822
1096-0341
DOI:10.1016/j.virol.2016.12.026