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Cephalopods as Prey. I. Seabirds
We review quantitative studies of the cephalopod diet of seabirds, with details of all species forming more than 5% by numbers or mass of seabird diets. Although squid are widespread as food for marine birds, only for some albatross and petrel species are they consistently as important as fish or cr...
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Published in: | Philosophical transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B. Biological sciences 1996-08, Vol.351 (1343), p.1023-1043 |
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Main Authors: | , |
Format: | Article |
Language: | English |
Subjects: | |
Citations: | Items that this one cites Items that cite this one |
Online Access: | Get full text |
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Summary: | We review quantitative studies of the cephalopod diet of seabirds, with details of all species forming more than 5% by numbers
or mass of seabird diets. Although squid are widespread as food for marine birds, only for some albatross and petrel species
are they consistently as important as fish or crustaceans. Nevertheless, several penguins, auks and terns take significant
quantities of squid at some sites and seasons. Although most of the detailed studies have been on temperate and polar seabirds
in the southern hemisphere, squid may play a key role in the diet of many tropical seabirds. Generally, squid may be more
important to many marine birds outside the breeding season than hitherto documented. Many species and families of squid are
eaten by seabirds but Ommastrephidae, Onychoteuthidae, Histioteuthidae and Gonatidae probably make the greatest contributions.
Evidence for size and species selectivity, except as constrained by the size and habits of seabirds, is weak. How seabirds
catch squid is reviewed, covering the topics of scavenging and live capture and association with cetaceans. In general, seabirds
have much smaller known and potential impact on squid stocks than do marine mammals. However, seabirds are probably the best
samplers of squid populations currently available and can provide valuable data for the identification of potential, and management
of existing, commercial fisheries. Future research needs, especially for studying the dynamics of squid-seabird interactions,
are reviewed. |
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ISSN: | 0962-8436 1471-2970 |
DOI: | 10.1098/rstb.1996.0091 |