Exercise, heat, hydration and the brain

The performance of both physical and mental tasks can be adversely affected by heat and by dehydration. There are well-recognized effects of heat and hydration status on the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory systems that can account for the decreased performance and increased sensation of effort t...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of the American College of Nutrition 2007-10, Vol.26 (5S), p.604S-612S
Main Authors: Maughan, R.J, Shirreffs, S.M, Watson, P
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Biological and medical sciences
blood-brain barrier
Blood-Brain Barrier - physiology
Body Temperature Regulation - physiology
brain
Brain - physiology
central nervous system
cognition
Cognition - physiology
dehydration (animal physiology)
Dehydration - complications
exercise
Exercise - physiology
fatigue
Feeding. Feeding behavior
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
heat
heat stress
Heat Stress Disorders - complications
Humans
hydration
literature reviews
Mental Health
oral rehydration
physiological regulation
thermoregulation
Time Factors
Vertebrates: anatomy and physiology, studies on body, several organs or systems
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Summary:The performance of both physical and mental tasks can be adversely affected by heat and by dehydration. There are well-recognized effects of heat and hydration status on the cardiovascular and thermoregulatory systems that can account for the decreased performance and increased sensation of effort that are experienced in the heat. Provision of fluids of appropriate composition in appropriate amounts can prevent dehydration and can greatly reduce the adverse effects of heat stress. There is growing evidence that the effects of high ambient temperature and dehydration on exercise performance may be mediated by effects on the central nervous system. This seems to involve serotonergic and dopaminergic functions. Recent evidence suggests that the integrity of the blood brain barrier may be compromised by combined heat stress and dehydration, and this may play a role in limiting performance in the heat.
ISSN:0731-5724
1541-1087
DOI:10.1080/07315724.2007.10719666