Incremental Collaborative Beam Alignment for Millimeter Wave Cell-Free MIMO Systems

Millimeter wave (mmWave) cell-free MIMO achieves an extremely high rate while its beam alignment (BA) suffers from excessive overhead due to a large number of transceivers. Recently, user location and probing measurements are utilized for BA based on machine learning (ML) models, e.g., deep neural n...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on communications 2023-11, Vol.71 (11), p.1-1
Main Authors: Zhang, Cheng, Chen, Leming, Zhang, Lujia, Huang, Yongming, Zhang, Wei
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alignment
Artificial neural networks
beam alignment
broad learning
Cell-free
Channels
Collaboration
Computational modeling
distributed learning
Downlink
Downlinking
Machine learning
Millimeter wave communication
Millimeter waves
MIMO communication
Particle beams
probing beam
Training
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Summary:Millimeter wave (mmWave) cell-free MIMO achieves an extremely high rate while its beam alignment (BA) suffers from excessive overhead due to a large number of transceivers. Recently, user location and probing measurements are utilized for BA based on machine learning (ML) models, e.g., deep neural network (DNN). However, most of these ML models are centralized with high communication and computational overhead and give no specific consideration to practical issues, e.g., limited training data and real-time model updates. In this paper, we study the probing beam-based BA for mmWave cell-free MIMO downlink with the help of broad learning (BL). For channels without and with uplink-downlink reciprocity, we propose the user-side and base station (BS)-side BL-aided incremental collaborative BA approaches. Via transforming the centralized BL into a distributed learning with data and feature splitting respectively, the user-side and BS-side schemes realize implicit sharing of multiple user data and multiple BS features. Simulations confirm that the user-side scheme is applicable to fast time-varying and/or non-stationary channels, while the BS-side scheme is suitable for systems with low-bandwidth fronthaul links and a central unit with limited computing power. The advantages of proposed schemes are also demonstrated compared to traditional and DNN-aided BA schemes.
ISSN:0090-6778
1558-0857
DOI:10.1109/TCOMM.2023.3306889