Simulation of Running Crowd Dynamics: Potential-Based Cellular Automata Model

Running is often accompanied by fear or panic during emergency evacuation, and the evacuation of pedestrian crowds at different speeds poses additional challenges in terms of modeling and simulation. To investigate the fundamental interference of running pedestrians in the evacuation process, in thi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE access 2023, Vol.11, p.138602-138613
Main Authors: Yu, Tao, Yang, Hai-Dong
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Algorithms
Automata
Barriers
Behavioral sciences
Cellular automata
cellular automata model
Computer simulation
dynamic potential field
Evacuation
Heuristic algorithms
K-nearest neighbors method
Layouts
Legged locomotion
Mathematical models
Nearest neighbor methods
Numerical models
Panic
pedestrian conversion
Pedestrians
Potential fields
Probability
Running
Running pedestrian flow
Simulation
Walking
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Summary:Running is often accompanied by fear or panic during emergency evacuation, and the evacuation of pedestrian crowds at different speeds poses additional challenges in terms of modeling and simulation. To investigate the fundamental interference of running pedestrians in the evacuation process, in this study, an extended cellular automata model was developed to simulate the evacuation of mixed groups of walking and running pedestrians in an area with multiple exits. The innovations of this extended model are the application of the dynamic potential field algorithm considering panic propagation, pedestrian running caused by panic, and pedestrian ratio and obstacle layouts. Running pedestrians, converted from walking pedestrians, were recognized by the number of k-nearest neighbors in the moving direction based on the Manhattan distance method. The effects of initial pedestrian density and obstacle layout were studied using numerical simulations. The simulation results indicate that a certain number of running pedestrians are needed to improve the evacuation efficiency, and the panic is contagious to others in that walking pedestrians transform into running pedestrians to accelerate the evacuation speed. The research provides insights for improving pedestrian-evacuation efficiency in facilities similar to the scene used in the experiment.
ISSN:2169-3536
2169-3536
DOI:10.1109/ACCESS.2023.3336914