Electronically Reconfigurable Reflectarray Antenna Based on Single-Layer Liquid Crystal With Independent Dual-Polarization Control

This article introduces a low-cost, easy-to-manufacture, dual polarization reconfigurable reflectarray antenna based on liquid crystal (LC) that operates at W-band. The antenna is electrically large and is capable of independently steering the beam of two orthogonal polarizations. Two different impl...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on antennas and propagation 2024-07, Vol.72 (7), p.5626-5636
Main Authors: Guirado, Robert, Perez-Palomino, Gerardo, de la Rosa, Pablo, Carrasco, Eduardo, Quintana, Xabier
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Antenna arrays
Antenna design
Antenna measurements
Antennas
Computational modeling
Dual polarization
liquid crystal (LC)
Liquid crystals
metasurface
Modelling
Polarization
Radio frequency
reconfigurable intelligent surface
Reconfigurable intelligent surfaces
Reconfiguration
reflectarray
Reflection coefficient
Reflector antennas
Resonant frequency
Steering
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Summary:This article introduces a low-cost, easy-to-manufacture, dual polarization reconfigurable reflectarray antenna based on liquid crystal (LC) that operates at W-band. The antenna is electrically large and is capable of independently steering the beam of two orthogonal polarizations. Two different implementations of single-layer unit cells (single resonant and multiresonant) capable of providing suitable phase range to independently control the two radiofrequency (RF) polarizations with enough isolation have been investigated. The single resonant cell was finally used to design, manufacture, and test a complete reflectarray antenna made of 55\times 55 elements, for which an accurate and efficient modeling of the cells was implemented. The effect of the LC bias lines is minimized by following a thorough impact study. At a cell level, the measurements validate both the modeling and the capability of the LC to be locally biased at the same cell provided that the biasing network and the resonators of each polarization are properly distributed. At an antenna level, the measurements are predicted by simulations with excellent accuracy, which validates the design and modeling process. The measured antenna shows 35° of 1-D scanning range with 25 dBi gain and a maximum SLL of −9 dB in the entire range for both polarizations at 98 GHz.
ISSN:0018-926X
1558-2221
DOI:10.1109/TAP.2024.3406034