Towards Detecting Climate Change Effects With UAV-Borne Imaging Radars

Climate change is associated with a variety of environmental phenomena, such as the melting of glaciers, the drying out of crops and soils, and an increase in the risk of avalanches. To detect and monitor these changes, satellite-based radar imaging is widely used, as it enables the large-scale mapp...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE journal of microwaves 2024-01, Vol.4 (4), p.881-893
Main Authors: Ullmann, Ingrid, Bonfert, Christina, Grathwohl, Alexander, Lahmeri, Mohamed Amine, Mustieles-Perez, Victor, Kanz, Julian, Sterk, Elena, Bormuth, Frederik, Ghasemi, Roghayeh, Fenske, Patrick, Villano, Michelangelo, Schober, Robert, Fischer, Robert F. H., Krieger, Gerhard, Damm, Christian, Waldschmidt, Christian, Vossiek, Martin
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Autonomous aerial vehicles
Climate change
Earth Observing System
Environmental factors
Environmental monitoring
Glaciers
Ice thickness
Melt processing
Meteorological factors
Microwave measurement
microwaves in climate change
radar
Radar detection
Radar imaging
Remote sensing
Satellite images
Soil measurements
Spaceborne radar
System analysis and design
Terrain mapping
Trajectory
UAV
Vegetation mapping
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Summary:Climate change is associated with a variety of environmental phenomena, such as the melting of glaciers, the drying out of crops and soils, and an increase in the risk of avalanches. To detect and monitor these changes, satellite-based radar imaging is widely used, as it enables the large-scale mapping of the Earth's surface independent of weather and sunlight. An emerging field of research is to use radar systems mounted on unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) for this purpose. UAV-borne radar systems image smaller areas, but can capture them in greater detail, more flexibly in terms of flight trajectory, and at shorter repetition intervals. This article presents the capabilities of UAV-based radar systems and the associated challenges in terms of system design and imaging techniques for detecting and monitoring the effects of climate change. Current research results are shown. In addition, we give an outlook on using a swarm of cooperative UAVs, each carrying a radar. UAV swarms will enable a higher imaging quality with respect to resolution and detectability, but at the same time come with a number of additional challenges, which will be discussed in the paper as well.
ISSN:2692-8388
2692-8388
DOI:10.1109/JMW.2024.3450015