An Active and Portable Alcohol Solution Concentrations Sensing System Based on Microwave Rectifier Circuit

Traditional microwave solution sensors suffer from limited sensitivity and require expensive equipment. In this paper, an innovative alcohol solution concentrations sensing systems based on RF active circuit is proposed. The system consists of a passive modified split ring resonator (MSRR) and RF ac...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE sensors journal 2024-01, Vol.24 (24), p.1-1
Main Authors: Sun, Haoran, Li, Tong, Xiao, Shilong, Du, Guohong, Zhang, Fugui, Huang, Heping, Tian, Guiyun
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Concentration measurement
Couplings
Electric fields
Error analysis
Gas sampling
Microwave attenuation
Microwave circuits
Microwave rectifier circuit
Mutual coupling
Network analysers
Portable equipment
Power amplifiers
Radio frequency
Rectifiers
Resonant frequency
Resonators
RF sensing system
Sensitivity
Sensitivity analysis
Sensor phenomena and characterization
Sensors
Signal generators
Spectrum analysers
Split-Rings resonator
Table lookup
Transmission line measurements
Voltage controlled oscillators
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Summary:Traditional microwave solution sensors suffer from limited sensitivity and require expensive equipment. In this paper, an innovative alcohol solution concentrations sensing systems based on RF active circuit is proposed. The system consists of a passive modified split ring resonator (MSRR) and RF active circuits. The MSRR is improved from the conventional split ring resonator (SRR), and the electric field is enhanced through the mutual coupling of multiple split rings to improve sensitivity. The RF active circuit is mainly composed of a voltage-controlled oscillator (VCO), a power amplifier (PA) and a microwave rectifier circuit (RC). The VCO is used to provide a stable and tunable microwave signal, and the PA serves as a compensatory element to offset power attenuation within the system. The detecting system demonstrates the capability to convert the varying concentration of liquids under test (LUTs) into a readable DC voltage value. Based on the correlation between alcohol solution concentrations and voltage values, a mathematical model has been developed to predict the concentration of unknown samples. According to the results, the maximum error in extracting concentration is 3.67% and the maximum sensitivity is 3.82mV/%. The proposed system eliminates the need for expensive experimental equipment such as a vector network analyzer (VNA), RF signal generator, and spectrum analyzer, thus reducing costs. Additionally, the proposed design has the feasibility detecting scenarios in solid and gas samples characterization with high precision, low cost, and portable features.
ISSN:1530-437X
1558-1748
DOI:10.1109/JSEN.2024.3468004