Electric Vehicle Charging Safety - The State of Art, Best Practices, and Regulatory Aspects

Boosted by the climate action and price development of lithiumion batteries, the number of electric vehicles is breaking records globally. This raises new safety issues for both automotive and electrification sectors. This paper focuses on safety and accessibility issues for electric vehicle chargin...

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Bibliographic Details
Main Author: Linja-Aho, Vesa
Format: Conference Proceeding
Language:English
Subjects:
battery fire
Best practices
charging safety
Electric vehicle charging
Fire safety
home charging safety
Protection
Resistance heating
Reviews
Smoke detectors
Sockets
Testing
Wiring
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Summary:Boosted by the climate action and price development of lithiumion batteries, the number of electric vehicles is breaking records globally. This raises new safety issues for both automotive and electrification sectors. This paper focuses on safety and accessibility issues for electric vehicle charging infrastructure and best practices in designing charging sites. The regular AC charging infrastructure is protected with protective earthing and GFCIs with DC fault current protection, which currently provides an adequate level of protection. The DC fast chargers have built-in protective devices. Electrical accidents with charging infrastructure are rare, as the maintenance work for the charging site can be done de-energized.The fire safety of the charging site is reviewed and approaches for handling electric vehicle fires in different countries are reviewed. Additionally, as an EV charging is an exceptionally high, long lasting, and repetitive electrical load in comparison to regular household electrical loads, the safety issues in electric vehicle home charging are discussed, as well as accessibility issues.
ISSN:2326-330X
DOI:10.1109/ESW52258.2024.10752779