High-Efficiency Ultrasound Energy Harvesting Interface With Auto-Calibrated Timing Control From - 25 ^ C to 85 ^ C

This work presents a high-efficiency ultrasound energy harvesting interface with auto-calibrated timing control, featuring: 1) the proposed C_{\text{P}} auto-calibration, consisting of the half bias-flip time ( t_{\text{half}} ) detection and adaptive closed-loop time calibration (ACTC) to improve...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE journal of solid-state circuits 2024-12, p.1-12
Main Authors: Zhao, Guangshu, Xie, Chao, Wang, Chenxi, Zhang, Milin, Law, Man-Kay
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Accuracy
Adaptive time control
auto-calibration
bias-flip interface
Calibration
Delays
Energy harvesting
high efficiency
Lead zirconate titanate
piezoelectric transducer (PZT)
Power generation
Rectifiers
Temperature measurement
Timing
Ultrasonic imaging
ultrasound
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Summary:This work presents a high-efficiency ultrasound energy harvesting interface with auto-calibrated timing control, featuring: 1) the proposed C_{\text{P}} auto-calibration, consisting of the half bias-flip time ( t_{\text{half}} ) detection and adaptive closed-loop time calibration (ACTC) to improve the system's robustness against piezoelectric transducer (PZT) materials and environmental variations; 2) the proposed charge recycling (CR) bootstrapping driver to reduce conduction loss and improve the C_{\text{P}} auto-calibration accuracy as well as the peak voltage flipping efficiency ( \eta_{\text{flip}} ); and 3) the proposed coarse detection and fine calibration technique to eliminate the inherent timing offset and increase the acceptable input excitation frequency range. The fabricated chip prototype in 0.18- \mu m silicon on insulator (SOI) CMOS process can adapt to both PZT5A (nominal C_{\text{P}} \sim 114 pF) and PZT5H (nominal C_{\text{P}} \sim 190 pF) and is capable of operating over a wide temperature range from - 25 ^{\circ} C to 85 ^{\circ} C. The proposed C_{\text{P}} auto-calibration and CR bootstrapping driver can improve the \eta_{\text{flip}} to as high as 93.6% at an output power of 496.6 \mu W. With the proposed coarse detection and fine calibration technique, this work demonstrates a high measured peak power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 94.5%, corresponding to a
ISSN:0018-9200
DOI:10.1109/JSSC.2024.3506781