Comparison of Long-Wave Infrared Quantum-Dots-in-a-Well and Quantum-Well Focal Plane Arrays

This paper reports on a comparison between a commercially available quantum-well infrared focal plane array (FPA) and a custom quantum-dot (QD)-in-a-well (DWELL) infrared FPA in the long-wave infrared (LWIR). The DWELL detectors consist of an active region composed of InAs QDs embedded in In 0.15 Ga...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE transactions on electron devices 2009-03, Vol.56 (3), p.512-516
Main Authors: Andrews, J.R., Restaino, S.R., Vandervelde, T.E., Brown, J.S., Sharma, Y.D., Lee, S.J., Teare, S.W., Reisinger, A., Sundaram, M., Krishna, S.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Applied sciences
Arrays
Awards activities
Cameras
Compound structure devices
Design. Technologies. Operation analysis. Testing
Detectors
Devices
Dwell
Electronics
Exact sciences and technology
Focal plane
Imaging devices
Indium
Infrared
Infrared image sensors
Integrated circuits
Materials
Molecular beam epitaxy
Noise
Optoelectronic devices
Physics
Quantum dots
quantum dots (QDs)
Quantum wells
radiometry
Semiconductor electronics. Microelectronics. Optoelectronics. Solid state devices
Sensors
Temperature measurement
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Summary:This paper reports on a comparison between a commercially available quantum-well infrared focal plane array (FPA) and a custom quantum-dot (QD)-in-a-well (DWELL) infrared FPA in the long-wave infrared (LWIR). The DWELL detectors consist of an active region composed of InAs QDs embedded in In 0.15 Ga 0.85 As quantum wells. DWELL samples were grown using molecular beam epitaxy and fabricated into 320 times 256 pixels FPA with a flip-chip indium bump technique. Both the DWELL and QmagiQ commercial quantum-well detector were hybridized to an Indigo ISC9705 readout circuit and tested in the same camera system. Calibrated blackbody measurements at a device temperature of 60 K with LWIR optics yield a noise equivalent change in temperature of 17 mK and 91 mK for quantum-well and DWELL FPAs operating at 0.95- and 0.58-V biases, respectively. The comparison of the DWELL and quantum-well FPA when imaging a 35degC black body showed that the DWELL had a signal-to-noise ratio of 124 while the quantum-well FPA showed 1961. As well, the quantum-well FPA showed a higher collection efficiency of 1.3 compared to the DWELL.
ISSN:0018-9383
1557-9646
DOI:10.1109/TED.2008.2011725