The crystal resonator- a digital transducer

Precision piezoelectric quartz resonators have evolved during a half century of research, development, and engineering. It is an evolution that started with rudimentary concepts and a precision of one part in a thousand, and emerged today with a precision of a few parts in 1012. Although there have...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:IEEE spectrum 1969-04, Vol.6 (4), p.53-58
Main Authors: Hammond, Donald L., Benjaminson, Albert
Format: Magazinearticle
Language:English
Subjects:
Environmental factors
Frequency conversion
Frequency measurement
Piezoelectric transducers
Pressure measurement
Sensor phenomena and characterization
Temperature dependence
Temperature distribution
Temperature sensors
Thickness measurement
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Precision piezoelectric quartz resonators have evolved during a half century of research, development, and engineering. It is an evolution that started with rudimentary concepts and a precision of one part in a thousand, and emerged today with a precision of a few parts in 1012. Although there have been significant steps forward through single contributions, the evolution has been a continuous improvement with an order of magnitude achieved every five to seven years. Not that anyone was particularly aware of these milestones, but, viewed in total, this improvement of a billion to one must stand as one of the truly amazing developments of this electronic age.
ISSN:0018-9235
1939-9340
DOI:10.1109/MSPEC.1969.5214053